Effects of Dietary Zinc Manipulation on Growth Performance, Zinc Status and Immune Response during Giardia lamblia Infection: A Study in CD-1 Mice

Nutrients

Gemma Iñigo-Figueroa¹  Rosa O. Méndez-Estrada¹  Luis Quihui-Cota³  Carlos A. Velásquez-Contreras⁴  Adriana Garibay-Escobar⁴  Rafael Canett-Romero² 

[1] Departamento de Nutrición y Metabolismo, Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, Hermosillo, Sonora C.P. 83304, Mexico; E-Mails:;Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales s/n, Hermosillo, Sonora C.P. 83000, Mexico; E-Mail:;Departamento de Nutrición Pública y Salud, Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, Hermosillo, Sonora C.P. 83304, Mexico; E-Mail:;Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales s/n, Hermosillo, Sonora C.P. 83000, Mexico; E-Mails:

关键词: zinc;    Giardia lamblia;    giardiasis;    micronutrients;    immune response;    IgG;    mice;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu5093447

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Associations between Giardia lamblia infection and low serum concentrations of zinc have been reported in young children. Interestingly, relatively few studies have examined the effects of different dietary zinc levels on the parasite-infected host. The aims of this study were to compare the growth performance and zinc status in response to varying levels of dietary zinc and to measure the antibody-mediated response of mice during G. lamblia infection. Male CD-1 mice were fed using 1 of 4 experimental diets: adequate-zinc (ZnA), low-zinc (ZnL), high-zinc (ZnH) and supplemented-zinc (ZnS) diet containing 30, 10, 223 and 1383 mg Zn/kg respectively. After a 10 days feeding period, mice were inoculated orally with 5 × 10⁶ G. lamblia trophozoites and were maintained on the assigned diet during the course of infection (30 days). Giardia-free mice fed ZnL diets were able to attain normal growth and antibody-mediated response. Giardia-infected mice fed ZnL and ZnA diets presented a significant growth retardation compared to non-infected controls. Zinc supplementation avoided this weight loss during G. lamblia infection and up-regulated the host’s humoral immune response by improving the production of specific antibodies. Clinical outcomes of zinc supplementation during giardiasis included significant weight gain, higher anti-G. lamblia IgG antibodies and improved serum zinc levels despite the ongoing infection. A maximum growth rate and antibody-mediated response were attained in mice fed ZnH diet. No further increases in body weight, zinc status and humoral immune capacity were noted by feeding higher zinc levels (ZnS) than the ZnH diet. These findings probably reflect biological effect of zinc that could be of public health importance in endemic areas of infection.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.