Radiation-Induced High-Temperature Conversion of Cellulose

Molecules

Alexander V. Ponomarev¹  Boris G. Ershov² 

[1] A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia; E-Mail

关键词: cellulose;    radiolysis;    electron-beam distillation;    glucopyranose;    macroradical;    chain decomposition;    furfural;    alternative fuel;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules191016877

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Thermal decomposition of cellulose can be upgraded by means of an electron-beam irradiation to produce valuable organic products via chain mechanisms. The samples being irradiated decompose effectively at temperatures below the threshold of pyrolysis inception. Cellulose decomposition resembles local “explosion” of the glucopyranose unit when fast elimination of carbon dioxide and water precede formation of residual carbonyl or carboxyl compounds. The dry distillation being performed during an irradiation gives a liquid condensate where furfural and its derivatives are dominant components. Excessively fast heating is adverse, as it results in a decrease of the yield of key organic products because pyrolysis predominates over the radiolytic-controlled decomposition of feedstock. Most likely, conversion of cellulose starts via radiolytic formation of macroradicals do not conform with each other, resulting in instability of the macroradical. As a consequence, glucosidic bond cleavage, elimination of light fragments (water, carbon oxides, formaldehyde, etc.) and formation of furfural take place.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.