Dietary patterns and whole grain cereals in the Scandinavian countries – differences and similarities. The HELGA project

Public Health Nutrition

Dagrun Engeset¹  Lena M Nilsson¹  Guri Skeie¹  Anne Tjønneland¹  Anja Olsen¹  Dag Hofoss¹ 

关键词: Whole grains;    Dietary patterns;    Factor analysis;    Scandinavia;    Principal component analysis;   

DOI  :  10.1017/S1368980014001104

学科分类：卫生学

来源: Cambridge University Press

【 摘 要 】

AbstractObjectiveTo identify dietary patterns with whole grains as a main focus to see if there is a similar whole grain pattern in the three Scandinavian countries; Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Another objective is to see if items suggested for a Nordic Food Index will form a typical Nordic pattern when using factor analysis.SettingThe HELGA study population is based on samples of existing cohorts: the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study, the Swedish Västerbotten cohort and the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health study. The HELGA study aims to generate knowledge about the health effects of whole grain foods.SubjectsThe study included a total of 119 913 participants.DesignThe associations among food variables from FFQ were investigated by principal component analysis. Only food groups common for all three cohorts were included. High factor loading of a food item shows high correlation of the item to the specific diet pattern.ResultsThe main whole grain for Denmark and Sweden was rye, while Norway had highest consumption of wheat. Three similar patterns were found: a cereal pattern, a meat pattern and a bread pattern. However, even if the patterns look similar, the food items belonging to the patterns differ between countries.ConclusionsHigh loadings on breakfast cereals and whole grain oat were common in the cereal patterns for all three countries. Thus, the cereal pattern may be considered a common Scandinavian whole grain pattern. Food items belonging to a Nordic Food Index were distributed between different patterns.

【 授权许可】

Unknown