Bioavailability of micronutrients obtained from supplements and food: A survey and case study of the polyphenols

Toxicology Research and Application

PeterPressman¹ 

关键词: Bioavailability;    nutritional supplements;    food matrix;    polyphenols;    flavonoids;    toxicology;    microbiome;    dietary intake;    metabolism;   

DOI  :  10.1177/2397847317696366

学科分类：医学（综合）

来源: Sage Journals

【 摘 要 】

Nutritional status is an important determinant of quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. This review is a survey of one of the least appreciated and understood factors that contributes significantly to nutritional health: that of bioavailability. As the economic importance of nutritional supplements and foods carrying claims of health promotion continues to grow, physicians are increasingly accountable for critically evaluating the therapeutic and toxicologic impact of any recommended nutritional supplements and foods, and to do so, an understanding of bioavailability is essential. As we learn more about nutrition, and as it becomes increasingly clear that our fund of knowledge about nutrition is not what it should be, physicians, allied health practitioners, patients, and public health policy makers are obliged to better understand the basis for efficacy and of safety of nutritional supplements and foods. The concept of bioavailability is central to advancing our clinical acumen, particularly for the older adult population (>55 years of age), which according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, typically take 16 scripted medications daily. In addition, over half of all adults consume one or more dietary supplements (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db61.pdf). The World Health Organization data demonstrate that older adults form the single largest demographic group at disproportionate risk of inadequate diet and malnutrition (http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/global_health.pdf) followed by the pediatric population (http://data.unicef.org/nutrition/malnutrition.html). The challenge and the importance of understanding the determinants of bioavailability and the fundamentals of toxicology are demonstrated through the consideration of this construct in polyphenols. In support of this review, we scanned the literature using PubMed and Google Scholar. We selected peer-reviewed studies and review papers using the following search terms: bioavailability, nutritional supplements, food matrix, polyphenols, flavonoids, toxicology, microbiome, dietary intake, and metabolism.

【 授权许可】

CC BY