Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Rice Germplasm from North-Eastern Region of India and Development of a Core Germplasm Set

PLoS One

Altaf Ahmad¹  Nivedita Singh²  Rakesh Singh²  Debjani Roy Choudhury²  Amit Kumar Singh²  Sundeep Kumar²  Kalyani Srinivasan³  R. K. Tyagi³  N. K. Singh⁴ 

[1]Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India

[2]Division of Genomic Resources, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110 012, India

[3]Division of Germplasm Conservation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110 012, India

[4]National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India

关键词: Rice;    Population genetics;    India;    Molecular genetics;    Species diversity;    Heterozygosity;    Alleles;    Cereal crops;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.pone.0113094

学科分类：医学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

The North-Eastern region (NER) of India, comprising of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura, is a hot spot for genetic diversity and the most probable origin of rice. North-east rice collections are known to possess various agronomically important traits like biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, unique grain and cooking quality. The genetic diversity and associated population structure of 6,984 rice accessions, originating from NER, were assessed using 36 genome wide unlinked single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers distributed across the 12 rice chromosomes. All of the 36 SNP loci were polymorphic and bi-allelic, contained five types of base substitutions and together produced nine types of alleles. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.004 for Tripura to 0.375 for Manipur and major allele frequency ranged from 0.50 for Assam to 0.99 for Tripura. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.002 in Nagaland to 0.42 in Mizoram and gene diversity ranged from 0.006 in Arunachal Pradesh to 0.50 in Manipur. The genetic relatedness among the rice accessions was evaluated using an unrooted phylogenetic tree analysis, which grouped all accessions into three major clusters. For determining population structure, populations K = 1 to K = 20 were tested and population K = 3 was present in all the states, with the exception of Meghalaya and Manipur where, K = 5 and K = 4 populations were present, respectively. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed that accessions were distributed according to their population structure. AMOVA analysis showed that, maximum diversity was partitioned at the individual accession level (73% for Nagaland, 58% for Arunachal Pradesh and 57% for Tripura). Using POWERCORE software, a core set of 701 accessions was obtained, which accounted for approximately 10% of the total NE India collections, representing 99.9% of the allelic diversity. The rice core set developed will be a valuable resource for future genomic studies and crop improvement strategies.

【 授权许可】

CC BY