Tuberculosis and HIV Co-Infection

PLoS Pathogens

Andrzej Pawlowski¹  Markus Sköld²  Marianne Jansson³  Gunilla Källenius³  Martin E. Rottenberg³ 

[1] Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

关键词: Mycobacterium tuberculosis;    Tuberculosis;    T cells;    HIV;    HIV infections;    Immune response;    Mouse models;    Macaque;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1002464

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infections place an immense burden on health care systems and pose particular diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Infection with HIV is the most powerful known risk factor predisposing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and progression to active disease, which increases the risk of latent TB reactivation 20-fold. TB is also the most common cause of AIDS-related death. Thus, M. tuberculosis and HIV act in synergy, accelerating the decline of immunological functions and leading to subsequent death if untreated. The mechanisms behind the breakdown of the immune defense of the co-infected individual are not well known. The aim of this review is to highlight immunological events that may accelerate the development of one of the two diseases in the presence of the co-infecting organism. We also review possible animal models for studies of the interaction of the two pathogens, and describe gaps in knowledge and needs for future studies to develop preventive measures against the two diseases.

【 授权许可】

CC BY