Virus Movements on the Plasma Membrane Support Infection and Transmission between Cells

PLoS Pathogens

Christoph J. Burckhardt¹  Urs F. Greber¹ 

[1]Institute of Zoology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

关键词: Cell membranes;    Actins;    Vaccinia virus;    Membrane proteins;    Lipids;    Dengue virus;    Actin filaments;    Retroviruses;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1000621

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

How viruses are transmitted across the mucosal epithelia of the respiratory, digestive, or excretory tracts, and how they spread from cell to cell and cause systemic infections, is incompletely understood. Recent advances from single virus tracking experiments have revealed conserved patterns of virus movements on the plasma membrane, including diffusive motions, drifting motions depending on retrograde flow of actin filaments or actin tail formation by polymerization, and confinement to submicrometer areas. Here, we discuss how viruses take advantage of cellular mechanisms that normally drive the movements of proteins and lipids on the cell surface. A concept emerges where short periods of fast diffusive motions allow viruses to rapidly move over several micrometers. Coupling to actin flow supports directional transport of virus particles during entry and cell-cell transmission, and local confinement coincides with either nonproductive stalling or infectious endocytic uptake. These conserved features of virus–host interactions upstream of infectious entry offer new perspectives for anti-viral interference.

【 授权许可】

CC BY