CLEC5A Regulates Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Induced Neuroinflammation and Lethality

PLoS Pathogens

Szu-Ting Chen¹  Yi-Ling Lin¹  Teh-Ying Chou²  Ren-Shyan Liu³  Se-Yi Chen³  David Tat-Wei Tan⁴  I-Shuen Tsai⁵  Shie-Liang Hsieh⁵  Lei Li⁶  Ming-Fang Wu⁷ 

[1] Department and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan;Department of Neurosurgery Surgical, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan;Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan;Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan;Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan;Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan;Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core, Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Medical School and Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

关键词: Microglial cells;    Macrophages;    Cytokines;    Central nervous system;    Inflammation;    Neurons;    Mouse models;    Enzyme-linked immunoassays;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1002655

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

CLEC5A/MDL-1, a member of the myeloid C-type lectin family expressed on macrophages and neutrophils, is critical for dengue virus (DV)-induced hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome in Stat1−/− mice and ConA-treated wild type mice. However, whether CLEC5A is involved in the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis has not yet been investigated. To investigate the role of CLEC5A to regulate JEV-induced neuroinflammation, antagonistic anti-CLEC5A mAb and CLEC5A-deficient mice were generated. We find that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) directly interacts with CLEC5A and induces DAP12 phosphorylation in macrophages. In addition, JEV activates macrophages to secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which are dramatically reduced in JEV-infected Clec5a−/− macrophages. Although blockade of CLEC5A cannot inhibit JEV infection of neurons and astrocytes, anti-CLEC5A mAb inhibits JEV-induced proinflammatory cytokine release from microglia and prevents bystander damage to neuronal cells. Moreover, JEV causes blood-brain barrier (BBB) disintegrity and lethality in STAT1-deficient (Stat1−/−) mice, whereas peripheral administration of anti-CLEC5A mAb reduces infiltration of virus-harboring leukocytes into the central nervous system (CNS), restores BBB integrity, attenuates neuroinflammation, and protects mice from JEV-induced lethality. Moreover, all surviving mice develop protective humoral and cellular immunity against JEV infection. These observations demonstrate the critical role of CLEC5A in the pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis, and identify CLEC5A as a target for the development of new treatments to reduce virus-induced brain damage.

【 授权许可】

CC BY