Factors associated with smoking among adolescent males prior to incarceration and after release from jail: a longitudinal study

Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy

Nicholas Freudenberg¹  Karisa Deculus³  Marvia Jones⁴  Karen L Cropsey²  Babalola Faseru⁵  Megha Ramaswamy⁵ 

[1] School of Public Health at Hunter College, City University of New York, 2180 3rd Avenue, New York City, New York 10035, USA;Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1702 2nd Avenue. S. FOT 1203, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA;Children’s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA;Department of Applied Behavioral Science, University of Kansas, 4001 Dole Human Development Center, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA;Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 1008, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA

关键词: Re-entry;    Incarcerated smokers;    Smoking;    Adolescents;   

Others  :  833911
DOI  :  10.1186/1747-597X-8-37

 received in 2013-06-17, accepted in 2013-10-24,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

The prevalence of cigarette smoking among incarcerated adult men and women is three-four times higher than in the general population, ranging from 70-80%. However, little is known about factors associated with smoking among incarcerated adolescents, especially upon their re-entry into communities after release from jail. The current study explores factors associated with smoking among adolescent males prior to incarceration and one year after their release from jail.

Methods

We conducted a secondary data analysis of the Returning Educated African-American and Latino Men to Enriched Neighborhoods (REAL MEN) study, which was designed to reduce HIV risk, substance use, and recidivism among 16–18 year old males leaving jail. We examined differences between smokers and non-smokers at the time of their incarceration (N = 552) and one year after their release from jail (N = 397) using t-tests and chi-square tests. Using logistic and linear regression we examined factors associated with current smoking status, frequency of smoking, and quantity of cigarettes smoked per day both prior to the young men’s incarceration and one year after their release from jail.

Results

Prior to incarceration, 62% of the young men reported smoking, and one-year after jail release, 69% reported smoking. Prior to incarceration, foster care history, not living with parents, not attending school, drug sales, number of sex partners, gang involvement, current drug charges, and number of prior arrests were positively associated with smoking indicators prior to incarceration. Having violent charges was inversely associated with smoking indicators prior to incarceration. One-year after release from jail, foster care history and number of prior arrests before the index incarceration were associated with smoking indicators.

Conclusions

Several problem behaviors may be associated with adolescent males’ smoking behaviors prior to incarceration. However, the young men’s histories of difficult life circumstances and engagement in illegal activity may have long-term consequences on smoking for these young men during their transition between jail and community. Findings suggest a need for comprehensive risk reduction interventions in settings in which disadvantaged young men are institutionalized, starting in childhood.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Ramaswamy et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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