Characterizing the species composition of European Culicoides vectors by means of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Franz Rubel¹  Katharina Brugger¹ 

[1]Institute for Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria

关键词: Climate;    C. imicola;    C. pulicaris;    Culicoides obsoletus complex;    Bluetongue;   

Others  :  823799
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-6-333

 received in 2013-08-29, accepted in 2013-11-19,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are vectors for the Bluetongue virus, the African horse sickness virus and the recently emerged Schmallenberg virus. Here, species of the C. obsoletus complex, the C. pulicaris complex and C. imicola were considered. The objective was to compile a map of these Culicoides species and their relation to the popular climate classification defined by Wladimir Köppen and Rudolf Geiger to provide a quick view on the species composition in Europe.

Findings

Major parts of Central and Northern Europe are covered by a warm temperate fully humid climate, characterized by warm summers. For this so-called Cfb climate fractions of 89% C. obsoletus complex and 11% C. pulicaris complex were estimated. Further investigations comprise the continental climate Dfb (76% C. obsoletus, 24% C. pulicaris), the warm temperate climate with hot summers Cfa (35% C. obsoletus, 65% C. pulicaris), the warm temperate dry climate, characterized by warm summers Csb (38% C. obsoletus, 51% C. pulicaris, 11% C. imicola) and the warm temperate dry climate with hot summers Csa of the Mediterranean area (11% C. obsoletus, 12% C. pulicaris, 77% C. imicola).

Conclusions

A highly significant association coefficient of R_V = 0.64 (Cramer’s V) confirms the correlation between Culicoides spp. and climate zones. Moreover, climate projections for the end of the century give an impression on expected changes in the European Culicoides spp. composition.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Brugger and Rubel; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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