Signaling pathways in the development of infantile hemangioma

Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Bo Xiang³  Chang Xu³  Li Li²  Kai Li⁴  Siyuan Chen¹  Yi Ji³ 

[1] Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China

关键词: Vasculogenesis;    Angiogenesis;    Neovascularization;    Infantile hemangioma;   

Others  :  802048
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-8722-7-13

 received in 2013-12-05, accepted in 2014-01-28,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Infantile hemangioma (IH), which is the most common tumor in infants, is a benign vascular neoplasm resulting from the abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells and pericytes. For nearly a century, researchers have noted that IH exhibits diverse and often dramatic clinical behaviors. On the one hand, most lesions pose no threat or potential for complication and resolve spontaneously without concern in most children with IH. On the other hand, approximately 10% of IHs are destructive, disfiguring and even vision- or life-threatening. Recent studies have provided some insight into the pathogenesis of these vascular tumors, leading to a better understanding of the biological features of IH and, in particular, indicating that during hemangioma neovascularization, two main pathogenic mechanisms prevail, angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Both mechanisms have been linked to alterations in several important cellular signaling pathways. These pathways are of interest from a therapeutic perspective because targeting them may help to reverse, delay or prevent hemangioma neovascularization. In this review, we explore some of the major pathways implicated in IH, including the VEGF/VEGFR, Notch, β-adrenergic, Tie2/angiopoietins, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, HIF-α-mediated and PDGF/PDGF-R-β pathways. We focus on the role of these pathways in the pathogenesis of IH, how they are altered and the consequences of these abnormalities. In addition, we review the latest preclinical and clinical data on the rationally designed targeted agents that are now being directed against some of these pathways.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Ji et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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