Synovial fluid pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin, gamithromycin and florfenicol after a single subcutaneous dose in cattle

BMC Veterinary Research

Johann F Coetzee¹  Somchai Rice³  Virginia R Fajt²  Kevin E Washburn⁴  Meredyth L Jones⁴ 

[1] Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames 50011, IA, USA;Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station 77843, TX, USA;Pharmacology Analytical Support Team (PhAST), Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames 50011, IA, USA;Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station 77843, TX, USA

关键词: Bovine;    Pharmacokinetics;    Florfenicol;    Gamithromycin;    Tulathromycin;    Synovial fluid;   

Others  :  1131411
DOI  :  10.1186/s12917-015-0346-4

 received in 2014-11-17, accepted in 2015-01-30,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Deep digital septic conditions represent some of the most refractory causes of severe lameness in cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of tulathromycin, gamithromycin and florfenicol into the synovial fluid of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of cattle after single subcutaneous administration of drug to evaluate the potential usefulness of these single-dose, long-acting antimicrobials for treating bacterial infections of the joints in cattle.

Results

Twelve cross-bred beef cows were randomly assigned to one of the drugs. Following subcutaneous administration, arthrocentesis of the left metatarsophalangeal joint was performed at various time points up to 240 hours post-injection, and samples were analyzed for drug concentration. In synovial fluid, florfenicol pharmacokinetic parameters estimates were: mean T_max 7 +/− 2 hours, mean t_½ 64.9 +/− 20.1 hours and mean AUC_0-inf 154.0 +/− 26.2 ug*h/mL. Gamithromycin synovial fluid pharmacokinetic parameters estimates were: mean T_max 8 hours, mean t_½ 77.9 +/− 30.0 hours, and AUC_0-inf 6.5 +/− 2.9 ug*h/mL. Tulathromycin pharmacokinetic parameters estimates in synovial fluid were: T_max 19 +/− 10 hours, t_½ 109 +/− 53.9 hours, and AUC_0-inf 57.6 +/− 28.2 ug h/mL.

Conclusions

In conclusion, synovial fluid concentrations of all three antimicrobials were higher for a longer duration than that of previously reported plasma values. Although clinical data are needed to confirm microbiological efficacy, florfenicol achieved a synovial fluid concentration greater than the MIC₉₀ for F. necrophorum for at least 6 days.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Jones et al.; licensee Biomed Central.

【 图 表 】

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