Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Ocimum labiatum extract and isolated labdane diterpenoid

Journal of Inflammation

Debra Meyer¹  Pascaline Fonteh³  Ronel Bruwer³  Justin J Omolo⁴  Petrina Kapewangolo² 

[1] Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa;Present address: Chemistry & Biochemistry department, Faculty of Science, University of Namibia, Windhoek 9000, Namibia;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield Campus, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;Present address: Department of Traditional Medicine, National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

关键词: AP-1;    Antioxidant;    Nitric oxide;    Inflammatory cytokines;    Labdane diterpenoid;    Ocimum labiatum;   

Others  :  1137207
DOI  :  10.1186/s12950-015-0049-4

 received in 2013-08-05, accepted in 2015-01-04,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Plants from the genus Ocimum are used as folk medicine for treating various diseases including inflammatory and immune-related diseases. Numerous reports have suggested plant extracts and their constituents as possible anti-inflammatory agents. Here, in vitro evidence of Ocimum labiatum’s immune-enhancing and antioxidant properties is presented for the first time.

Methods

The anti-inflammatory effect of O. labiatum ethanolic extract and an isolated diterpenoid was determined using a cytometric bead array (CBA) technique. The effect on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was also assessed. A battery of antioxidant assays were used for detecting antioxidant activity while the anti-inflammatory mechanism was evaluated using an ELISA-based activator protein (AP-1) (c-Jun) assay. Cytotoxicity was determined on TZM-bl and PBMCs using a tetrazolium dye and confirmed by a novel label-free real-time assay.

Results

A 25 μg/mL non-cytotoxic concentration of O. labiatum extract significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-17A. Except for the dual acting pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, which was upregulated, a non-cytotoxic 50 μM concentration of the isolated labdane diterpenoid compound significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the production of all the pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the anti-inflammatory pathway studies, the compound also inhibited AP-1 significantly (p < 0.05) at 50 μM. The extract demonstrated strong, dose dependent antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 13 ± 0.8 to 54.86 ± 1.28 μg/mL while the terpene had no antioxidant property. The extract and diterpenoid decreased the production of the inflammatory mediator NO, at non-cytotoxic concentrations. The CC₅₀ of the extract in TZM-bl and PBMCs was 62.6 ± 0.6 and 30.1 ± 0.4 μg/mL while that of the compound was 112.6 ± 0.2 and 70 ± 0.4 μM respectively. The real time studies confirmed tetrazolium dye assessed viability and also detected a unique growth pattern for the plant materials compared to untreated cells.

Conclusions

O. labiatum extract demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties while the terpenoid showed anti-inflammatory but no antioxidant activity. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of the terpene was a result of inhibition of AP-1. These data represents promising first steps towards the development of naturally derived anti-inflammation drugs.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Kapewangolo et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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