Protective effect of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Eicosapentaenoic acid/Docosahexaenoic acid 1:1 ratio on cardiovascular disease risk markers in rats

Lipids in Health and Disease

M Rosa Nogués¹  Isabel Medina³  José M Gallardo³  Lucía Méndez³  Manuel Pazos³  Jara Pérez-Jiménez²  Josep Lluís Torres²  Eunice Molinar-Toribio²  Montse Giralt¹  Marta Romeu¹  Vanesa Sánchez-Martos¹  Mònica Muñoz-Cortés¹  Núria Taltavull¹  Laura Lluís¹ 

[1] Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain;Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia –CSIC (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain;Institute of Marine Research-CSIC (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain

关键词: Insulin resistance;    Cardiovascular disease risk;    Antioxidant status;    Oxidative stress;    Fish oils;    Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA);    Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA);    Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA);   

Others  :  829736
DOI  :  10.1186/1476-511X-12-140

 received in 2013-07-23, accepted in 2013-09-24,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

High consumption of fish carries a lower risk of cardiovascular disease as a consequence of dietary omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA; especially EPA and DHA) content. A controversy exists about the component/s responsible of these beneficial effects and, in consequence, which is the best proportion between both fatty acids. We sought to determine, in healthy Wistar rats, the proportions of EPA and DHA that would induce beneficial effects on biomarkers of oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease risk.

Methods

Female Wistar rats were fed for 13 weeks with 5 different dietary supplements of oils; 3 derived from fish (EPA/DHA ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 1:2) plus soybean and linseed as controls. The activities of major antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPX, and GR) were determined in erythrocytes and liver, and the ORAC test was used to determine the antioxidant capacity in plasma. Also measured were: C reactive protein (CRP), endothelial dysfunction (sVCAM and sICAM), prothrombotic activity (PAI-1), lipid profile (triglycerides, cholesterol, HDLc, LDLc, Apo-A1, and Apo-B100), glycated haemoglobin and lipid peroxidation (LDL-ox and MDA values).

Results

After three months of nutritional intervention, we observed statistically significant differences in the ApoB100/ApoA1 ratio, glycated haemoglobin, VCAM-1, SOD and GPx in erythrocytes, ORAC values and LDL-ox. Supplementation with fish oil derived omega-3 PUFA increased VCAM-1, LDL-ox and plasma antioxidant capacity (ORAC). Conversely, the ApoB100/ApoA1 ratio and percentage glycated haemoglobin decreased.

Conclusions

Our results showed that a diet of a 1:1 ratio of EPA/DHA improved many of the oxidative stress parameters (SOD and GPx in erythrocytes), plasma antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and cardiovascular risk factors (glycated haemoglobin) relative to the other diets.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Lluís et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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