Extrahepatic metastases as initial manifestations of hepatocellular carcinoma: an Egyptian experience

Diagnostic Pathology

Mohamed Shaker¹  Nehal A. Radwan²  Thanaa El. A. Helal² 

[1]Departments of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Ramses Street- Radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, P.O. # 11566, Egypt

[2]Departments of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Ramses Street- New Faculty Bldg. -5th floor, Cairo, P.O. # 11566, Egypt

关键词: Immunohistochemistry;    Initial presentation;    Metastases;    Hepatocellular carcinoma;   

Others  :  1219365
DOI  :  10.1186/s13000-015-0313-1

 received in 2015-02-24, accepted in 2015-06-03,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt has markedly increased in the recent years, mainly due to the high incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Consequently, the frequency of metastatic HCC has also increased. The current study presents a series of 47 patients who were initially diagnosed as metastatic HCC.

Methods

Forty seven patients with the diagnosis of extrahepatic metastases of HCC at initial presentation were included in the study. The sites of metastases were bones (17), lymph nodes (9), soft tissue (7), omentum (7), maxillary sinus (2), adrenal gland (2), brain (2) and skin (1). The diagnosis of metastatic HCC was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.

Results

The patients included in the study were 38 males and 9 females, ranging from 40 to 80 years (median 60 years). All patients were HCV-positive and 36 were cirrhotic. The diagnosis of primary HCC was confirmed in all cases, based on the typical hypervascular radiological features and/or high serum α-fetoprotein concentration, or histologic examination of liver biopsy.

Conclusion

Metastasis of HCC should be put into consideration when evaluating metastatic carcinoma with unknown primary. This is of particular importance in the Egyptian population who has the highest prevalence of HCV infection in the world.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Helal et al.

【 图 表 】

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