Dietary intake of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of myocardial infarction in coronary artery disease patients with or without diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

BMC Medicine

Ottar Nygård¹  Rolf K Berge¹  Dennis WT Nilsen⁵  Jan E Nordrehaug³  J Kalervo Hiltunen¹  Klaus Meyer²  Pavol Bohov⁴  Reinhard Seifert³  Bodil Bjørndal⁴  Eirik W Rebnord³  Hall Schartum-Hansen³  Gard FT Svingen⁴  Eva R Pedersen⁴  Elin Strand⁴ 

[1] MitoHealth Centre for Bioactive Food Components and Prevention of Lifestyle Diseases, Bergen, Norway;Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway;Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway;Division of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway

关键词: Myocardial infarction;    Dietary n-3 fatty acids;    Diabetes;    Coronary artery disease;   

Others  :  855667
DOI  :  10.1186/1741-7015-11-216

 received in 2013-07-05, accepted in 2013-09-12,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

A beneficial effect of a high n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) intake has been observed in heart failure patients, who are frequently insulin resistant. We investigated the potential influence of impaired glucose metabolism on the relation between dietary intake of n-3 LCPUFAs and risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods

This prospective cohort study was based on the Western Norway B-Vitamin Intervention Trial and included 2,378 patients with coronary artery disease with available baseline glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and dietary data. Patients were sub-grouped as having no diabetes (HbA1c <5.7%), pre-diabetes (HbA1c ≥5.7%), or diabetes (previous diabetes, fasting baseline serum glucose ≥7.0, or non-fasting glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L). AMI risk was evaluated by Cox regression (age and sex adjusted), comparing the upper versus lower tertile of daily dietary n-3 LCPUFA intake.

Results

The participants (80% males) had a mean age of 62 and follow-up of 4.8 years. A high n-3 LCPUFA intake was associated with reduced risk of AMI (hazard ratio 0.38, 95%CI 0.18, 0.80) in diabetes patients (median HbA1c = 7.2%), whereas no association was observed in pre-diabetes patients. In patients without diabetes a high intake tended to be associated with an increased risk (hazard ratio1.45, 95%CI 0.84, 2.53), which was significant for fatal AMI (hazard ratio 4.79, 95%CI 1.05, 21.90) and associated with lower HbA1c (mean ± standard deviation 4.55 ±0.68 versus 4.92 ±0.60, P = 0.02). No such differences in HbA1c were observed in those with pre-diabetes or diabetes.

Conclusions

A high intake of n-3 LCPUFAs was associated with a reduced risk of AMI, independent of HbA1c, in diabetic patients, but with an increased risk of fatal AMI and lower HbA1c among patients without impaired glucose metabolism. Further studies should investigate whether patients with diabetes may benefit from having a high intake of n-3 LCPUFAs and whether patients with normal glucose tolerance should be careful with a very high intake of these fatty acids.

Trial registration

This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00354081.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Strand et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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