The re-emergence of dengue virus in non-endemic countries: a case series

BMC Research Notes

Piero Valentini¹  Antonio Chiaretti¹  Roberta Calzedda¹  Roberta Onesimo¹  Giovanni Barone¹  Danilo Buonsenso¹ 

[1] Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University A. Gemelli Hospital, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy

关键词: Vaccine;    Imported dengue;    Travel;    Children;    Dengue;   

Others  :  1129904
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-7-596

 received in 2013-10-16, accepted in 2014-08-22,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Dengue has been designated a major international public health problem by the World Health Organization. It is endemic in most tropical and sub-tropical countries, which are also popular tourist destinations. Travelers are at significant risk of acquiring the disease and also contribute to its spread to non-endemic countries where the vector is present. Children represent a particular susceptible category, since they have a higher risk than adults of developing severe dengue.

Case presentation

We describe 3 cases of imported dengue fever in Italy in three children (two born in the Philippines and one of Bangladeshi ethnicity) who acquired dengue fever during a recent travel to Southeast Asia, initially not-recognized because of the low index of suspicion of physicians not working in dengue endemic areas. Clinical presentations, differential diagnosis and management of these children are presented and discussed.

Conclusions

Due to global urbanization and increased air travel, it is nowadays important that physicians who practice outside of traditionally dengue endemic areas are adept at the recognition of potentially fatal reemerging infectious diseases such as dengue.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Buonsenso et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Wilder-Smith A, Gubler DJ: Geographic expansion of dengue: the impact of international travel. Med Clin North Am 2008, 92:1377-1390.
• [2]Wilder-Smith A: Dengue infections in travelers. Paediatr Int Child Health 2012, 32:28-32.
• [3]Anderson KB, Chunsuttiwat S, Nisalak A, Mammen MP, Libraty DH, Rothman AL, Green S, Vaughn DW, Ennis FA, Endy TP: Burden of symptomatic dengue infection in children at primary school in Thailand: a prospective study. Lancet 2007, 369:1452-1459.
• [4]Deen J, Lum L, Martinez E, Tan LH: Clinical management and delivery of clinical services. In Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control. New ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009:25-58.
• [5]Halstead SB: Dengue. Lancet 2007, 370:1644-1652.
• [6]WHO: Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Factsheet No 117, revised May 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008. (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/ webcite). Accessed 1 February 14, 2013
• [7]Morens DM, Fauci AS: Dengue and hemorrhagic fever. JAMA 2008, 299:214-216.
• [8]Pierro A, Varani S, Rossini G, Gaibani P, Cavrini F, Finarelli AC, Macini P, Cagarelli R, Mattivi A, Angelini P, Landini MP, Sambri V: Imported cases of dengue virus infection: Emilia-Romagna, Italy, 2010. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011, 17:1349-1352.
• [9]Burdino E, Milia MG, Sergi G, Gregori G, Allice T, Cazzato ML, Lucchini A, Lipani F, Calleri G, Orofino G, Di Perri G, Ghisetti V: Diagnosis of dengue fever in North West Italy in travelers from endemic areas: a retrospective study. J Clin Virol 2011, 51:259-263.
• [10]Hammond SN, Balmaseda A, Pérez L, Tellez Y, Saborío SI, Mercado JC, Videa E, Rodriguez Y, Pérez MA, Cuadra R, Solano S, Rocha J, Idiaquez W, Gonzalez A, Harris E: Differences in dengue severity in infants, children, and adults in a 3-year hospital-based study in Nicaragua. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2005, 73:1063-1070.
• [11]Guzman MG, Kouri G, Bravo J, Valdes L, Vazquez S, Halstead SB: Effect of age on outcome of secondary dengue 2 infections. Int J Infect Dis 2002, 6:118-124.
• [12]Goto K, Hatakeyama S, Okamoto K, Kitazawa T, Abe K, Moriya K, Koike K, Yotsuyanagi H: Dengue hemorrhagic fever in an adult traveler returning to Japan. Intern Med 2012, 51:1779-1782.
• [13]Gould EA, Solomon T: Pathogenic flaviviruses. Lancet 2008, 371:500-509.
• [14]Wilder-Smith A, Schwartz E: Dengue in travelers. N Eng J Med 2005, 353:924-932.
• [15]Ruggiero A, Barone G, Liotti L, Chiaretti A, Lazzareschi I, Riccardi R: Safety and efficacy of fentanyl administered by patient controlled analgesia in children with cancer pain. Support Care Cancer 2007, 15:569-573.
• [16]Gregson A, Edelman R: Dengue virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003, 22:179-181.
• [17]Guzman MG, Halstead SB, Artsob H, Buchy P, Farrar J, Gubler DJ, Hunsperger E, Kroeger A, Margolis HS, Martínez E, Nathan MB, Pelegrino JL, Simmons C, Yoksan S, Peeling RW: Dengue: a continuing global threat. Nat Rev Microbiol 2010, 8:S7-S16.
• [18]Jelinek T: Dengue fever in international travelers. Clin Infect Dis 2000, 31:144-147.
• [19]Sambri V, Cavrini F, Rossini G, Pierro A, Landini MP: The 2007 epidemic outbreak of Chikungunya virus infection in the Romagna region of Italy: a new perspective for the possible diffusion of tropical diseases in temperate areas? New Microbiol 2008, 31:303-304.
• [20]Poletti P, Messeri G, Ajelli M, Vallorani R, Rizzo C, Merler S: Transmission Potential of Chikungunya Virus and Control Measures: The Case of Italy. PLoS One 2011, 6:e18860.
• [21]Shepard DS, Suaya JA, Halstead SB, Nathan MB, Gubler DJ, Mahoney RT, Wang DN, Meltzer MI: Cost-effectiveness of a pediatric dengue vaccine. Vaccine 2004, 22:1275-1280.
• [22]Wilder-Smith A, Deen JL: Dengue vaccines for travelers. Expert Rev Vaccines 2008, 7:569-578.
• [23]Guy B, Barrere B, Malinowski C, Saville M, Teyssou R, Lang J: From research to Phase III: preclinical, industrial and clinical development of the Sanofi Pasteur tetravalent dengue vaccine. Vaccine 2011, 29:7229-7241.
• [24]Courtney M, Shetty AK: Imported dengue fever an important reemerging disease. Pediatr Emerg Care 2009, 25:769-772.