A novel type of light-harvesting antenna protein of red algal origin in algae with secondary plastids

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Johann Lavaud³  Iwona Adamska²  Peter G Kroth⁵  Sascha Vugrinec⁵  Ansgar Gruber⁴  Johannes Engelken¹  Sabine Sturm⁵ 

[1] Present address: Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), 08003 Barcelona,Spain;Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen, Fach 602, Universität Konstanz 78457 Konstanz, Germany;Present address: UMR 7266 CNRS-ULR ’LIENSs’, CNRS/University of La Rochelle, Institute for Coastal and Environmental Research, La Rochelle Cedex, France;Present address: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, 5850 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada;Ökophysiologie der Pflanzen, Fach 611, Universität Konstanz 78457 Konstanz, Germany

关键词: Red lineage chlorophyll a/b-binding-like proteins;    Light-harvesting antenna proteins;    Gene transfer;    Chloroplast;    Diatoms;    Complex plastids;   

Others  :  1086737
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2148-13-159

 received in 2013-01-30, accepted in 2013-07-22,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Light, the driving force of photosynthesis, can be harmful when present in excess; therefore, any light harvesting system requires photoprotection. Members of the extended light-harvesting complex (LHC) protein superfamily are involved in light harvesting as well as in photoprotection and are found in the red and green plant lineages, with a complex distribution pattern of subfamilies in the different algal lineages.

Results

Here, we demonstrate that the recently discovered “red lineage chlorophyll a/b-binding-like proteins” (RedCAPs) form a monophyletic family within this protein superfamily. The occurrence of RedCAPs was found to be restricted to the red algal lineage, including red algae (with primary plastids) as well as cryptophytes, haptophytes and heterokontophytes (with secondary plastids of red algal origin). Expression of a full-length RedCAP:GFP fusion construct in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum confirmed the predicted plastid localisation of RedCAPs. Furthermore, we observed that similarly to the fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding light-harvesting antenna proteins also RedCAP transcripts in diatoms were regulated in a diurnal way at standard light conditions and strongly repressed at high light intensities.

Conclusions

The absence of RedCAPs from the green lineage implies that RedCAPs evolved in the red lineage after separation from the the green lineage. During the evolution of secondary plastids, RedCAP genes therefore must have been transferred from the nucleus of the endocytobiotic alga to the nucleus of the host cell, a process that involved complementation with pre-sequences allowing import of the gene product into the secondary plastid bound by four membranes. Based on light-dependent transcription and on localisation data, we propose that RedCAPs might participate in the light (intensity and quality)-dependent structural or functional reorganisation of the light-harvesting antennae of the photosystems upon dark to light shifts as regularly experienced by diatoms in nature. Remarkably, in plastids of the red lineage as well as in green lineage plastids, the phycobilisome based cyanobacterial light harvesting system has been replaced by light harvesting systems that are based on members of the extended LHC protein superfamily, either for one of the photosystems (PS I of red algae) or for both (diatoms). In their proposed function, the RedCAP protein family may thus have played a role in the evolutionary structural remodelling of light-harvesting antennae in the red lineage.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Sturm et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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