Risk adapted transmission prophylaxis to prevent vertical HIV–1 transmission: Effectiveness and safety of an abbreviated regimen of postnatal oral Zidovudine

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Hans-Juergen Laws⁴  Hans Stannigel⁴  Stefan Reuter³  Mareike Bolten²  Ortwin Adams¹  Tim Niehues⁵  Arndt Borkhardt⁴  Maren Pfeffer⁴  Jennifer Neubert⁴ 

[1] Institut of Virology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany;Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany;Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany;Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, medical faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany;Department of Pediatrics, Helios Clinic Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, 47805, Krefeld, Germany

关键词: ZDV;    Prophylaxis;    Vertical transmission;    HIV;   

Others  :  1151121
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2393-13-22

 received in 2012-03-01, accepted in 2013-01-17,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Antiretroviral drugs including zidovudine (ZDV) are effective in reducing HIV mother to child transmission (MTCT), however safety concern remains. The optimal duration of postnatal ZDV has not been established in clinical studies and there is a lack of consensus regarding optimal management. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of a risk adapted two week course of oral postnatal ZDV as part of a combined intervention to reduce MTCT.

Methods

118 mother infant pairs were treated according to the German-Austrian recommendations for HIV therapy in pregnancy and in HIV exposed newborns between 2000–2010. In the absence of factors associated with an increased HIV–1 transmission risk, children were assigned to the low risk group and treated with an abbreviated postnatal regimen with oral ZDV for 2 weeks. In the presence of risk factors, postnatal ZDV was escalated accordingly.

Results

Of 118 mother-infant pairs 79 were stratified to the low risk group, 27 to the high risk group and 11 to the very high risk group for HIV–1 MTCT. 4 children were lost to follow up. Overall Transmission risk in the group regardless of risk factors and completion of prophylaxis was 1.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09–6.6). If transmission prophylaxis was complete, transmission risk was 0.9% (95% CI 0.01-5.7). In the low risk group receiving two week oral ZDV transmission risk was 1.4% (95% CI 0.01–8.4)

Conclusion

These data demonstrate the effectiveness of a short neonatal ZDV regimen in infants of women on stable ART and effective HIV–1 suppression. Further evaluation is needed in larger studies.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Neubert et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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