Application of the antibiotic batumin for accurate and rapid identification of staphylococcal small colony variants

BMC Research Notes

Nadya M Oserjanskaja³  Olga B Lutko³  Lilja V Avdeeva²  Mario Vaneechoutte¹  Guido Lopes dos Santos Santiago¹  Svetlana I Bidnenko³  Larisa N Churkina² 

[1] Laboratory Bacteriology Research, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Medical Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

关键词: Staphylococcal small-colony variants;    Batumin;    MRSA;    Staphylococcus aureus;   

Others  :  1166093
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-5-374

 received in 2012-03-06, accepted in 2012-06-30,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing significant morbidity and mortality. The S. aureus colonies in osteomyelitis, in patients with cystic fibrosis and patients with endoprosthesis rejection frequently have an atypical morphology, i.e. staphylococcal small-colony variants, which form a naturally occurring subpopulation of clinically important staphylococci. Identification of these small colony variants is difficult, because of the loss of typical phenotypic characteristics of these variants.

We wanted to improve and simplify the diagnosis of staphylococcal infection using a diagnostic preparation, consisting of 5 μg batumin paper disks. Batumin possesses a unique selective activity against all studied Staphylococcus spp., whereas all other species tested thus far are batumin resistant. We assessed the efficacy of the batumin diagnostic preparation to identify staphylococcal small colony variants, isolated from osteomyelitis patients.

Findings

With the batumin diagnostic preparation, all 30 tested staphylococcal small-colony variants had a growth inhibition zone around the disk of minimum 25 mm, accordant with the inhibition zones of the parent strains, isolated from the same patients.

Conclusions

The batumin diagnostic preparation correctly identified the small-colony variants of S. aureus, S. haemolyticus and S. epidermidis as belonging to the genus Staphylococcus, which differ profoundly from parental strains and are difficult to identify with standard methods. Identification of staphylococcal small-colony variants with the batumin diagnostic preparation is technically simple and can facilitate practical laboratory work.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Churkina et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Lovy FD: Staphylococcus aureus infections. N Engl J Med 1998, 399:520-532.
• [2]Santos Sanches I, Mato A, de Lencastre H, Tomasz ACEM/Net Collaborators, and International Collaborators: Patterns of multidrug resistance among clinical methicillin-resistant hospital isolates of coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci collected in the international multicenter study RESIST in 1997 and 1998. Microb Drug Resist 2000, 6:199-211.
• [3]Chambers HF: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Mechanisms of resistance and implications for treatment. Postgrad Med 2001, 109(Suppl 2):43-50.
• [4]Churkina LN, Bidnenko SI, Lutko OB, Avdeeva LV, Babenko LA: Study of the efficiency of antistaphylococcal antibiotic batumin against methicillin resistant strains of staphylococci. Antibiotics Chemother 2007, 52:29-34.
• [5]Wei HH, Wu KG, Sy LB, Chen CJ, Tang RB: Infectious endocarditis in pediatric patients: analysis of 19 cases presenting at a medical center. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2010, 43:430-437.
• [6]Meyer E, Schwab F, Gastmeier P: Nosocomial methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia - epidemiology and trends based on data of a network of 586 German ICUs (2005–2009). Eur J Med Res 2010, 15:514-524. BioMed Central Full Text
• [7]Lewis T, Chaudhry R, Nightingale P, Lambert P, Das I: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: epidemiology, outcome, and laboratory characteristics in a tertiary referral center in the UK. Int J Infect Dis 2010, 15:131-135.
• [8]von Eiff C, Bettin D, Proctor RA, Rolauffs B, Lindner N, Winkelmann W, Peters G: Recovery of small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus following gentamicin bead placement for osteomyelitis. Clin Infect Dis 1997, 25:1250-1251.
• [9]Kahl R, Herrmann M, Schulze Everding A, Koch HG, Becker K, Harms E, Proctor RA, Peters G: Persistent infection with small colony variants strains of Staphylococcus aureus in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Infect Dis 1998, 177:1023-1029.
• [10]Bidnenko SI, Lutko OB, Oserjanskaja NM, Churkina LN: Microflora of periprosthetic tissues according to aseptic instability of hip endoprosthesis and features of its sensitivity to antibiotics. Biomed Biosocial Anthropol 2010, 15:87-91.
• [11]McNamara PJ, Proctor RA: Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants, electron transport and persistent infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000, 14:117-122.
• [12]Churkina L, Kiprianova E, Bidnenko S, Marchenko K, Artysuk E: Antibiotic batumin for diagnostics of staphylococci and treatment of Stapylococcus aureus nasal carriage. Lik Sprava 2009, 1(Suppl 2):61-67.
• [13]Smirnov VV, Kiprianova EA, Gvozdiak OR, Churkina LN, Proskurakova NB, Kharchenko LA: The use of batumin-containing disks for the rapid identification of staphylococci. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1999, 5:77-80.
• [14]Smirnov VV, Churkina LN, Nosenko GA, Bidnenko SI, Artysiuk EI, Pustovalova LI, Kiprianova EA, Garagulya AD: Efficacy of diagnostic disks with batumin in identification and indication of staphylococci. Lik Sprava Medicine 2002, 5–6:27-31.
• [15]Looney WJ: Small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus. Br J Biomed Sci 2000, 57:317-322.
• [16]Balwit JM, van Langevelde P, Vann JM, Proctor RA: Gentamicin-resistant menadione and hemin auxotrophic: Staphylococcus aureus persist within endothelial cells. J Infect Dis 1994, 170:1033-1037.
• [17]Maes N, De Gheldre Y, De Ryck R, Vaneechoutte M, Meugnier H, Etienne J, Struelens MJ: Rapid and accurate identification of Staphylococcus species by tRNA intergenic spacer length polymorphism analysis. J Clin Microbiol 1997, 35:2477-2481.
• [18]Vaneechoutte M, Boerlin P, Tichy HV, Bannerman E, Jäger B, Bille J: Comparison of PCR-based DNA fingerprinting techniques for the identification of Listeria species and their use for atypical Listeria isolates. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1998, 48:127-139.
• [19]Supré K, De Vliegher S, Sampimon OC, Zadoks RN, Vaneechoutte M, Baele M, De Graef E, Piepers S, Haesebrouck F: Use of tRNA-intergenic spacer PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis to identify coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species originating from bovine milk and teat apices. J Dairy Sci 2009, 92:3204-3210.
• [20]Kloos WE, Schleifer KH: Genus IV. Staphylococcus. In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Volume 2. Edited by Sneath PHA, Mair NS, Sharpe ME, Holt JG. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; 1986:1013-1035.
• [21]Kloos WE, Tornabene TG, Schleifer KH: Isolation and characterization of micrococci from human skin, including two new species: Micrococcus lylae and Micrococcus kristinae. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1974, 24:79-101.
• [22]Hugh R, Leifson E: The taxonomic significance of fermentative versus oxidative Gram-negative bacteria. J Bacteriol 1953, 66:24-26.
• [23]Faller A, Schleifer KH: Modified oxidase and benzidine tests for separation of staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol 1981, 13:1031-1035.
• [24]Sperber WH, Tatini SR: Interpretation of the tube coagulase test for identification of Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Microbiol 1975, 29:502-505.
• [25]Akatov AK, Zueva VS: Staphylococci systematics and the principles of species identification. In Staphylococci. Edited by Sobolev VP. Meditsina Publishers, Moscow; 1983:13-52.
• [26]Proctor RA, van Langevelde P, Kristjansson M, Maslov JN, Arbeit RD: Persistent and relapsing infections associated with small-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Infect Dis 1995, 20:95-102.