The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and metabolically healthy obesity in Europe: a collaborative analysis of ten large cohort studies

BMC Endocrine Disorders

Bruce HR Wolffenbuttel^1,14  Markus Perola^1,13  Melanie Waldenberger⁴  Melanie M van der Klauw^1,14  Pim van der Harst^1,17  Matti Uusitupa⁸  Ronald P Stolk^1,18  Veikko Salomaa¹  Timo Saaristo⁵  Peter P Pramstaller⁹  Annette Peters^1,11  Madeleine J Murtagh^2,20  Kristian Midthjell^1,15  Andres Metspalu^1,13  Satu Männistö^1,19  Turid Lingaas Holmen^1,15  Kirsti Kvaløy^1,15  Jenny E Kootstra-Ros⁷  Antti Jula¹  Jostein Holmen^1,15  Hans L Hillege^1,18  Jennifer R Harris²  Lisette Giepmans^1,18  Isabel Fortier^1,10  Vincent Ferretti⁶  Paul Burton^2,20  Morris A Swertz³  Mari-Liis Tammesoo^1,13  Christine Schwienbacher⁹  Eva Reischl⁴  Eemil Partinen^1,13  Chao Pang^1,18  Christopher Newby^2,20  Anni Joensuu^1,16  Tero Hiekkalinna^1,16  Margit Heier^1,11  Martin Gögele⁹  Amadou Gaye^2,20  Luisa Foco⁹  Krista Fischer^1,13  Dany Doiron^1,10  Sandra N Slagter^1,12  Marja-Liisa Nuotio^1,16  Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk^1,12 

[1] THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland;Department of Genes and Environment, Division of Epidemiology, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway;Genomics Coordination Center, University of Groningen, Groningen Bioinformatics Center, and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany;Pirkanmaa hospital district and Finnish Diabetes Association, Tampere, Finland;Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, and Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland;Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy;Research Institute of the McGill University of Health Centre, Montreal, Canada;Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany;Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC AA31, P.O. Box 30001, Groningen RB 9700, The Netherlands;University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia;University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, LifeLines Cohort Study, Groningen, The Netherlands;HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;Unit of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland;Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland;Data to Knowledge Research Group, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

关键词: Metabolically healthy;    Cardiovascular disease;    Metabolic syndrome;    Obesity;    Harmonization;   

Others  :  1085293
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6823-14-9

 received in 2014-01-26, accepted in 2014-01-27,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Not all obese subjects have an adverse metabolic profile predisposing them to developing type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. The BioSHaRE-EU Healthy Obese Project aims to gain insights into the consequences of (healthy) obesity using data on risk factors and phenotypes across several large-scale cohort studies. Aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in ten participating studies.

Methods

Ten different cohorts in seven countries were combined, using data transformed into a harmonized format. All participants were of European origin, with age 18–80 years. They had participated in a clinical examination for anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Blood samples had been drawn for analysis of lipids and glucose. Presence of MetS was assessed in those with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) based on the 2001 NCEP ATP III criteria, as well as an adapted set of less strict criteria. MHO was defined as obesity, having none of the MetS components, and no previous diagnosis of cardiovascular disease.

Results

Data for 163,517 individuals were available; 17% were obese (11,465 men and 16,612 women). The prevalence of obesity varied from 11.6% in the Italian CHRIS cohort to 26.3% in the German KORA cohort. The age-standardized percentage of obese subjects with MetS ranged in women from 24% in CHRIS to 65% in the Finnish Health2000 cohort, and in men from 43% in CHRIS to 78% in the Finnish DILGOM cohort, with elevated blood pressure the most frequently occurring factor contributing to the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. The age-standardized prevalence of MHO varied in women from 7% in Health2000 to 28% in NCDS, and in men from 2% in DILGOM to 19% in CHRIS. MHO was more prevalent in women than in men, and decreased with age in both sexes.

Conclusions

Through a rigorous harmonization process, the BioSHaRE-EU consortium was able to compare key characteristics defining the metabolically healthy obese phenotype across ten cohort studies. There is considerable variability in the prevalence of healthy obesity across the different European populations studied, even when unified criteria were used to classify this phenotype.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 van Vliet-Ostaptchouk et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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