Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of aqueous extract of flowers from Nycantus arbor-tristis L. in male mice

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Dinithi Champika Peiris¹  Pavithra Dilakshini Dayananda¹  Bramanage Sachini Rangika¹ 

[1] Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gandoawilla 10250, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

关键词: Aqueous extract of flower;    Nyctanthes arbor-tristis;    Diabetes mellitus;    Hypolipidemic;    Hypoglycemic;   

Others  :  1222527
DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0807-0

 received in 2014-10-06, accepted in 2015-08-06,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Boiled aqueous extract of flowers (AEF) from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. are used in Sri Lankan traditional Ayruvedic Medicine to manage diabetes mellitus. AEF has widely been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various ailments due to its therapeutic activity. However, little is known concerning therapeutic activity of the extract as well as its underline mechanisms and safety. Diabetes is known to increase low-density cholesterol and decrease high-density cholesterol thus triggering coronary diseases. Hence, the primary objective of the present study is to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of the AEF.

Methods

AEF was prepared and male mice (n = 9 group) were gavaged either with 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg of AEF or distilled water (DW). Subsequently, fasting and random blood glucose concentrations were determined. To investigate mechanisms of actions of AEF, animals were orally administered with 500 mg/kg or the vehicle (DW) and glucose tolerance was performed before and after glucose challenge. For further studies, in vitro alpha-amylase assay and glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract were performed using 500 mg/kg of the extract. Additionally, glycogen content in the liver and skeletal muscles, a complete lipid profile assay, and toxicological and biochemical parameters were conducted after a chronic study.

Results

Five hundred mg/kg and 750 mg/kg of AEF significantly (p < 0.01) reduced fasting blood glucose levels respectively by 49 and 39 % at 4 h post-treatment, while 500 mg/kg of AEF also decreased the random blood glucose level significantly (p <0.01) by 32 % at 4 h post-treatment. AEF significantly inhibited glucose absorption by 85 % from the intestine and increased diaphragm uptake of glucose by 64 %. The extract also exhibited inhibition (16.66 %) of alpha-amylase enzyme activity. It also decreased the level of total cholesterol (by 44.8 %), triglyceride (by 53 %) and increased (by 57 %) the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Treatment with AEF did not induce any overt signs of toxicity or hepatotoxicity.

Conclusion

Results the present study indicated that AEF possess hypoglycemic and hypolipdemic properties. Therefore, AEF could be used as an alternative medicine in management of diabetes mellitus.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Rangika et al.

【 图 表 】

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]International Diabetes Federation. http://www.idf.org/worlddiabetesday/toolkit/gp/facts-figures. 2014.
• [2]Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diab Care. 2013; 36:67-74.
• [3]World Health Organization. Diabetes; http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets-/fs312/en/index.html. 2013.
• [4]Jenum AK, Diep LM, Holmboe-Ottesen G, Holme IM, Kumar BN, Birkeland KI. Diabetes susceptibility in ethnic minority groups from Turkey, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and Pakistan compared with Norwegians - the association with adiposity is strongest for ethnic minority women. BMC Pub Health. 2012; 12:1-50. BioMed Central Full Text
• [5]Katulanda P, Constantine GR, Mahesh JG, Sheriff R, Seneviratne RD, Wijeratne S et al.. Prevalence and projections of diabetes and pre-diabetes in adults in Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Diabetes, Cardiovascular Study (SLDCS). Diabet Med. 2008; 25:1062-1069.
• [6]Caprio GRA, Fonseca VA. Update on safety issues related to antihyperglycemic therapy. Am Diab Asso: Diab Spec. 2014; 27:97-100.
• [7]Wang Z, Wang J, Chan P. “Treating type 2 diabetes mellitus with traditional Chinese and Indian medicinal herbs”. Evidence-Based Compl Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:343597.
• [8]Rathod N, Raghuveer I, Chitme HR, Chandra R. Anti-diabetic activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. Pharmacol Mag. 2008; 4:335-340.
• [9]Agrawal J, Pal A. Nycanthes arbor-tristis Linn. - a critical ethnophamarcology review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013; 146:645-658.
• [10]Rani C, Chawla S, Mangal M, Mangal AK, Kajla S, Dhawan AK. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. (Night Jasmine): a sacred ornamental plant with immense medicinal potentials. Indian Tradi Know. 2012; 11:427-435.
• [11]Khatune NA, Islam ME, Rahman MAA, Mosaddik MA. In-vivo cytotoxic evaluation of new benzofuran derivative isolated from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. on Ehrlich Ascite Carcinoma cells (EAC) in mice. J Med Sci. 2003; 3:169-173.
• [12]Ratnasooriya WD, Jayakody JARC, Hettiarachchi ADI, Dharmasiri MG. Sedative effects of Hot flower infusion of Nyctanthes arbo-tristis on rats. Pharmasu Biol. 2005; 43:140-146.
• [13]Fugh-Berman A. Herb-drug interactions. Lancet. 2000; 355:134-138.
• [14]Thero VMM. Eparani kem krama & waidyavidyawa. Sadeepa Publications, Colombo; 2007.
• [15]Fernandopulle BMR, Karunanayake EH, Ratnasooriya WD. Oral hypolycaemic effects of Mormordica dioica in the rat. Med Sci Res. 1999; 22:137-139.
• [16]Ratnasooriya WD, Jayakody JARC, Hettiarachchi ADI, Dharmasiri MG. Sedative effects of Hot flower infusion of Nyctanthes arbo-tristis on rats. Pharmaceutical Biol. 2005; 43:140-146.
• [17]Okine LKN, Nyarko AK, Osei-Kwabena N, Oppong IV, Barnes F, Ofosuhene M. The anti-diabetic activity of the herbal preparation ADD-199 in mice: a comparative study with two oral hypoglycemic drugs. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 97:31-38.
• [18]Seifter S, Dayton S, Novic B, Muntwyler E. The estimation glycogen with the Anthrone reagent. Arch Biochem. 1949; 25:191-200.
• [19]Dharmasiri MG. A pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of a decoction of leaves and stems of the medicinal plant Anismels indica, M Phil thesis. University of Colombo, Sri Lanka; 2001.
• [20]Rahimzadeh M, Jahanshahi S, Moein S, Moein MR. Evaluation of alpha- amylase inhibition by Urtica dioica and Juglans regia extracts. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2014; 17:465-469.
• [21]Adeneye AA, Olagunu JA. Preliminary hypolycaemic and hypolipidemic activities of the aqueous seed extract of Carica papaya Linn. in Wistar rats. Biol Med. 2009; 1:1-10.
• [22]Mnafgui K, Hamden K, Salah HB, Kchaon M, Nasri M, Salma S et al.. Inhibitory activities of zygophyllum album: a natural weight-lowering plant on Key enzymes in high-Fat diet-Fed rats. Evidence-Based Comp Alternat Med. 2012; 112:1-9.
• [23]Alarcon-aguilar FJ, Jimenez-Estrada M, Reyes-Chilpa R, Roman-Ramos R. Hypoglyceamic effect of extracts and fractions from Psacalium decompositum in healthy and alloxan- induced diabetic mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000; 72:21-7.
• [24]Oyedemi SOG, Bradley G, Afolayan JA. Anti-diabetic activities of aqueous stem bark extract of strychnos hennignsii gilg in streptozotocin-nicotinamid type 2 diabetic rats. J Pharm Res. 2012; 11:221-228.
• [25]Dayananda PD, Yapa WB, Ratnasooriya WD. The effect of the aqueous stem bark extract of kokoona zeylanica on the blood glucose level of mice. Pharmaco Mag. 2008; 16:308-314.
• [26]Wanniarachchi KK, Peiris LDC, Ratnasooriya WD. Antihypoglycemic and hypoglycemic activities of Phyllanthus debilis aqueous plant extract in mice. Pharmacet Biol. 2009; 47:260-265.
• [27]Ghule BV, Ghante MH, Saroji AN, Yeole PG. Hypolipidemic and anti hyperlipidemic effects of Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) fruit extracts. Indian J Exp Biol. 2006; 44:905-909.
• [28]Shewamene Z, Abdelwuhab M, Birhanu Z. Methanolic leaf exctract of Otostegia integrifolia Benth reduces blood glucose levels in diabetic, glucose loaded and normal rodents. BMC Com Alternat Med. 2015; 15:19. BioMed Central Full Text
• [29]Sireesha Y, Kasetti RB, Nabi SA, Swapna S, Apparao C. Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Setaria italica seeds in STZ diabetic rats. Pathophysiology. 2011; 18:159-164.
• [30]Roman-Ramos R, Flores-Saenz JL, Partida-Hernandez G, Lara-Lemus A, Alarcon-Aguilar F. Experimental study of the hypoglycemic effect of some anti-diabetic plants. Archivos de Invest Med. 1991; 22:87-93.
• [31]Uebanso T, Arai H, Teketani Y, Fukaya M, Yamamoto H, Mizuno A, et al. Extracts of Momordica charantia supress postprandial hyperglycemia in rats. J Nut. Sci. Vitamonal. (Tokyo). 2007;53:482–88.
• [32]Shewamene Z, Abdelwuhab M, Birhanu Z. Methanolic leaf exctract of Otostegia integrifolia Benth reduces blood glucose levels in diabetic, glucose loaded and normal rodents. BMC Comp Alt Med. 2015; 15:19. BioMed Central Full Text
• [33]Khanapur M, Avadhanula RK, Setty OH. In vitro antioxidant, antiproliferative, and phytochemical study in different extracts of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flowers. Biomed Res Int. 2014; 2014:291271.
• [34]Agnihotri MA, Khan A. Effect of water-soluble gummy fiber, water-insoluble neutral detergent fiber isolated from Syzygium cumini seeds on biliary and fecal bile acids and sterols in rats fed a high. Int J Med Sci Pub Heal. 2015; 4:23-26.
• [35]Kabir AU, Samad MB, D’Costa NM, Akhter F, Ahmed A, Hannan JM. Anti-hyperglycemic activity of Centella asiatica is partly mediated by carbohydrase inhibition and glucose-fiber binding. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014; 14:31. BioMed Central Full Text
• [36]Oku A, Ueta K, Arakawa K, Kano-Ishihara T, Nawano M, Kuronuma Y et al.. An inhibitor of renal Na + glucose cotransporters may provide a novel approach to treating diabetes. Diabetes. 1999; 48:1794-1800.
• [37]Ghosh R, Sharatchandra KH, Rita S, Thokchom IS. Hypoglycemic activity of Ficus hispida (bark) in normal and diabetic albino rats. Ind J Pharmacol. 2004; 36:222-225.
• [38]Modak M, Dixit P, Londhe J, Ghaskadbi S, Paul T, Devasagayam A. Indian herbs and herbal drugs used for the treatment of diabetes. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2007; 40:163-173.
• [39]Ou S, Kwok K, Li Y, Fu L. In vitro study of possible role of dietary fiber in lowering postprandial serum glucose. J Agri Food. 2001; 49:1026-1029.
• [40]Siraj MAR, Shams R, Hossain E, Salahuddin M, Tahsin F, Khalid AA et al.. Assay of antidiabetic activity of Hemidesmus indicus by gut perfusion and six segment methods on Long Evans rats. Pharmacol on line. 2013; 3:81-87.
• [41]Krentz AJ. Lipoprotien abnormalities and their consequences for patients with type 2 diabetes. Diab Obes Metab. 2003; 5:S19-S27.
• [42]Minero C, Shaul PW. Novel biological functions of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Cir Res. 2012; 179:1079-1090.
• [43]Sah AK, Verma VK. Nycanthes arbor-tristis: a comprehensive review. Int J Res in Pharmaceutical Biomed Sci. 2012; 3:421-426.
• [44]Tuntiwachwuttikula P, Rayanila K, Taylorb WC. Chemical constituents from the flowers of nyctanthes arbor-tristis. Science Asia. 2003; 29:21-30.