Effect of methanol extract of Dicranopteris linearis against carbon tetrachloride- induced acute liver injury in rats

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria¹  Mohd Khairi Hussain³  Mohd Zaki Salleh¹  Teh Lay Kek¹  Norhafizah Mohtarrudin²  Mohamad Fauzi Fahmi Kamarolzaman³  Siti Syariah Mamat³  Farhana Yahya³  Farah Hidayah Kamisan³ 

[1] Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Level 7, FF3, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia;Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

关键词: Hepatoprotective effect;    Antioxidant;    Carbon tetrachloride;    Methanol extract;    Dicranopteris linearis;   

Others  :  1220200
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-14-123

 received in 2013-10-10, accepted in 2014-03-25,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Dicranopteris linearis (family Gleicheniaceae) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities but no attempt has been made to study its hepatoprotective potential. The aim of the present study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of methanol extracts of D. linearis (MEDL) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced acute liver injury in rats.

Methods

6 groups (n = 6) of rats received oral test solutions: 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 200 mg/kg silymarin, or MEDL (50, 250, and 500 mg/kg), once daily for 7 consecutive days, followed by hepatotoxicity induction with CCl₄. Blood and liver were collected for biochemical and microscopic analysis. The extract was also subjected to antioxidant studies (e.g. 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)- and superoxide anion-radical scavenging assays, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) test and total phenolic content (TPC) determination), phytochemical screening and HPLC analysis.

Results

Pretreatment with MEDL and silymarin significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the serum levels of AST, ALT and ALP, which were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in DMSO-pretreated group following treatment with CCl₄. Histological analysis of liver tissues in groups pretreated with MEDL and silymarin showed mild necrosis and inflammation of the hepatocytes compared to the DMSO-pretreated group (negative control group). The MEDL showed higher DPPH- and superoxide anion-radical scavenging activity as well as high TPC and ORAC values indicating high antioxidant activity.

Conclusions

MEDL exerts hepatoprotective activity that could be partly contributed by its antioxidant activity and high phenolic content, and hence demands further investigation.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Kamisan et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Kumar CH, Ramesh A, Suresh Kumar JN, Mohammed Ishaq B: A review on hepatoprotective activity of medicinal plants. Int J Pharmaceut Sci Res 2011, 23:501-515.
• [2]Ahsan R, Islam KM, Musaddik A, Haque E: Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of some medicinal plants against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Eur J Sci Res 2009, 37(2):302-310.
• [3]Chattopadhyay RR: Possible mechanism of hepatoprotective activity of Azadirachta indica leaf extract: part II. J Ethnopharmacol 2003, 89:217-219.
• [4]Sargent S: Liver Diseases: An Essential Guide for Nurses and Health Care Professionals. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons; 2009:352.
• [5]WHO: Guidelines on the conservation of medicinal plants. Gland, Switzerland: The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN); 1993:1.
• [6]White CP, Hirsch G, Patel S, Adams F, Peltekian KM: Complementary and alternative medicine use by patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus. Can J Gastroenterol 2007, 21(9):589-595.
• [7]Bhawna S, Kumar SU: Hepatoprotective activity of some indigenous plants. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2009, 4:1330-1334.
• [8]Babu BH, Shylesh BS, Padikkala J: Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of Acanthus ilicifolius. Fitoterapia 2001, 72:272-277.
• [9]Bhoopat L, Srichairatanakool S, Kanjanapothi D, Taesotikul T, Thananchai H, Bhoopat T: Hepatoprotective effects of lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): a combination of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. J Ethnopharmacol 2011, 136(1):55-66.
• [10]Fakurazi S, Sharifudin SA, Arulselvan P: Moringa oleifera hydroethanolic extracts effectively alleviate acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats through their antioxidant nature. Molecules 2012, 17(7):8334-8350.
• [11]Derus ARM: Pengenalan dan Penggunaan Herba Ubatan. Kuala Lumpur: Multiple triple vision; 1998:75.
• [12]Zakaria ZA, Ghani ZD, Nor RN, Gopalan HK, Sulaiman MR, Jais AM, Somchit MN, Kader AA, Ripin J: Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties of an aqueous extract of Dicranopteris linearis leaves in experimental animal models. J Nat Med 2008, 62(2):179-187.
• [13]Chin WY: Ferns and fern allies. In The Encyclopedia of Malaysia: plants. Edited by Soepadmo E. Singapore: Didier Millet; 1998:44.
• [14]Hussaini J, Othman NA, Abdulla MA, Majid NA, Faroq HM, Ismail S: Gastroprotective effects of Dicranopteris linearis leaf extract against ethanol- induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Sci Res Essays 2012, 7(18):1761-1767.
• [15]Zakaria ZA: Free radical scavenging of some plants in Malaysia. Iranian J Pharmacol Ther 2007, 6:87-91.
• [16]Lai HY, Lim YY: Evaluation of antioxidant activities of the methanolic extracts of selected ferns in Malaysia. Int J Environ Sci Tech 2011, 2(6):442-447.
• [17]Zakaria ZA, Mohamed AM, Mohd Jamil NS, Rofiee MS, Fatimah CA, Mat Jais AM, Sulaiman MR, Somchit MN: In vitro anticancer activity of various extracts of the Malaysian, available but neglected, plants (Muntingia Calabura And Dicranopteris Linearis) against Mcf-7 And Ht-29 cancer cell lines. E–Pharmanexus 2008, 1(1):10-17.
• [18]Sadasivan S, Latha PG, Sasikumar JM, Rajashekaran S, Shyamal S, Shine VJ: Hepatoprotective studies on Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. J Ethnopharmacol 2006, 106:245-249.
• [19]Dash DK, Yeligar VC, Nayak SS, Ghosh T, Rajalingam D, Sengupta P: Evaluation of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Ichnocarpus frutescens (Linn.) R.Br. on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2007, 6:755-765.
• [20]Ikhiri K, Boureima D, Dan-Kouloudo D: Chemical screening of medicinal plants used in the traditional pharmacopoeia of Niger. Int J Pharmacog 1992, 30:251-262.
• [21]Yahya F, Mamat SS, Kamarolzaman MFF, Seyedan AA, Jakius KF, Mahmood ND, Shahril MS, Suhaili Z, Mohtarrudin N, Susanti D, Somchit MN, Teh LK, Salleh MZ, Zakaria ZA: Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Leaves of Bauhinia purpurea in Paracetamol-induced Hepatic Damage in Rats. Evid-Based Compliment Alternat Med 2012, 2012:636580. 10.1155/2013/636580
• [22]Singleton VL, Rossi JA Jr: “Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents”. Am J Enol Vitic 1965, 16:144-158.
• [23]Blois MS: Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 1958, 18:1199-1200.
• [24]Liu F, Ooi VE, Chang ST: Free radical scavenging activities of mushroom polysaccharide extracts. Life Sci 1997, 60:763-771.
• [25]Huang D, Ou B, Hampsch- Woodil M, Flanagan JA, Prior RL: High throughput assay of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) using a multichannel liquid handling system coupled with a microplate fluorescence reader in 96-well format. J Agric Food Chem 2002, 5:4437-4444.
• [26]El-Beshbishy HA, Mohamadin A, Nagy A, Abdel-Naim A: Amelioration of tamoxifen-induced liver injury in rats by grape seed extract, black seed extract and curcumin. Indian J Exp Biol 2010, 48:280-288.
• [27]Wu Y, Yang L, Wang F, Wu X, Zhou C, Shi S, Mo J, Zhao Y: Hepatoprotective and antioxidative effects of total phenolics from Laggera pterodonta on chemical-induced injury in primary cultured neonatal rat hepatocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2007, 45(8):1349-1355.
• [28]Hsiao G, Shen MY, Lin KH, Lan MH, Wu LY, Chou DS, Lin CH, Su CH, Sheu JR: Antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects of Antrodia camphorata extract. J Agric Food Chem 2003, 51(11):3302-3308.
• [29]Jain A, Soni M, Deb L, Jain A, Rout SP, Gupta VB, Krishna KL: Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2008, 115(1):61-66.
• [30]Ranawat L, Bhatt J, Patel J: Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extracts of bark of Zanthoxylum armatum DC in CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2010, 127(3):777-780.
• [31]Ramaiah SK: A toxicologist guide to the diagnostic interpretation of hepatic biochemical parameters. Food Chem Toxicol 2007, 45(4):1551-1557.
• [32]Shyamal S, Latha PG, Shine VJ, Suja SR, Rajasekharan S, Devi TG: Hepatoprotective effects of Pittosporum neelgherrense Wight&Arn., a popular Indian ethnomedicine. J Ethnopharmacol 2006, 107:151-155.
• [33]Panteghini M: Aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Clin Biochem 1990, 23(4):311-319.
• [34]Ahmed MB, Khater MR: Evaluation of the protective potential of Ambrosia maritime extract on acetaminophen-induced liver damage. J Ethnopharmacol 2001, 75:169-174.
• [35]Naik SR, Panda VS: Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba phytosomes in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rodents. Liver Int 2007, 27(3):393-399.
• [36]Gao J, Sun C-R, Yang J-H, Shi J-M, Du Y-G, Zhang Y-Y, Li J-H, Wan H-T: Evaluation of the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Rubus parvifolius L. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2011, 12(2):135-142.
• [37]Korekar G, Stobdan T, Arora R, Yadav A, Singh SB: Antioxidant capacity and phenolics content of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernel as a function of genotype. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2011, 66(4):376-383.
• [38]Stanković MS: Total phenolic content, flavonoid concentration and antioxidant activity of Marrubium peregrinum L. extracts. Kragujevac J Sci 2011, 33(2011):63-72.
• [39]Sone Y, Moon JK, Mai TT, Thu NN, Asano E, Yamaguchi K, Otsuka Y, Shibamoto T: Antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities and total phenolic content of extracts obtained from plants grown in Vietnam. J Sci Food Agric 2011, 91:2259-2264.
• [40]Alhakmani F, Kumar S, Khan SA: Estimation of total phenolic content, in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of flowers of Moringa oleifera. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013, 3:623-627.
• [41]Adetutu A, Owoade AO: Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of Hibiscus Polyphenol Rich Extract (HPE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) –induced damage in rats. Br J Medic Med Res 2013, 3(4):1574-1586.
• [42]Oh H, Kim DH, Cho JH, Kim YC: Hepatoprotective and free radical scavenging activities of phenolic petrosins and flavonoids isolated from Equisetum arvense. J Ethnopharmacol 2004, 95(2–3):421-424.
• [43]Boyle SP, Dobson VL, Duthie SJ, Hinselwood DC, Kyle JA, Collins AR: Bioavailability and efficiency of rutin as an antioxidant: a human supplementation study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000, 54(10):774-782.
• [44]Hubert DJ, Dawe A, Florence NT, Gilbert KD, Angele TN, Buonocore D, Finzi PV, Vidari G, Bonaventure NT, Marzatico F, Paul MF: In vitro hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of crude extract and isolated compounds from Ficus gnaphalocarpa. Inflammopharmacology 2011, 19(1):35-43.
• [45]Domitrović R, Jakovac H, Vasiljev Marchesi V, Vladimir-Knežević S, Cvijanović O, Tadić Z, Romić Z, Rahelić D: Differential hepatoprotective mechanisms of rutin and quercetin in CCl(4)-intoxicated BALB/cN mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012, 33(10):1260-1270.
• [46]Raja DP, Manickam VS, de Britto AJ, Gopalakrishnan S, Ushioda T, Satoh M, Tanimura A, Fuchino H, Tanaka N: Chemical and chemotaxonomical studies on Dicranopteris species. Chem Pharm Bull 1995, 43:1800-1803.
• [47]Vilegas W, Sanommiya M, Rastrelli L, Pizza C: Isolation and structure elucidation of two new flavonoid glycosides from the infusion of Maytenus aquifolium leaves. Evaluation of the antiulcer activity of the infusion. J Agri Food Chem 1999, 47:403-406.
• [48]Yeşilada E, Takaishi Y: A saponin with anti-ulcerogenic effect from the flowers of Spartium junceum. Phytochemistry 1999, 51:903-908.
• [49]Yadav S, Bhadoria BK: Two dimeric flavonoids from Bauhinia purpurea. Indian J Chem 2005, 44B:2604-2607.
• [50]Zakaria ZA, Abdul Hisam EE, Rofiee MS, Norhafizah M, Somchit MN, Teh LK, Salleh MZ: Antiulcer activity of the aqueous extract of Bauhinia purpurea leaf. J Ethnopharmacol 2011, 137(2):1047-1054.