Insights into the evolution and domain structure of ataxin-2 proteins across eukaryotes

BMC Research Notes

Plinio Guzmán¹  Domingo Jiménez-López¹ 

[1] Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Irapuato, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Gto 36821, México

关键词: MLLE domain;    Poly(A)-binding protein;    PAM2;    Polyglutamine expansions;    Phylogenetic analysis;    Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2;   

Others  :  1131920
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-7-453

 received in 2014-05-05, accepted in 2014-07-03,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Ataxin-2 is an evolutionarily conserved protein first identified in humans as responsible for spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). The molecular basis of SCA2 is the expansion of a polyglutamine tract in Ataxin-2, encoding a Lsm domain that may bind RNA and a PAM2 motif that enables interaction with the poly (A) binding protein. Although the association with SCA2 has been verified, a detailed molecular function for Ataxin-2 has not been established.

Results

We have undertaken a survey of Ataxin-2 proteins across all eukaryotic domains. In eukaryotes, except for vertebrates and land plants, a single ortholog was identified. Notably, with the exception of birds, two Ataxin-2 genes exist in vertebrates. Expansion was observed in land plants and a novel class lacking the LsmAD domain was identified. Large polyQ tracts appear limited to primates and insects of the orders Hymenoptera and Diptera. A common feature across Ataxin-2 orthologs is the presence of proline-rich motifs, formerly described in the human protein.

Conclusion

Our analysis provides valuable information on the evolution and domain structure of Ataxin-2 proteins. Proline-rich motifs that may mediate protein interactions are widespread in Ataxin-2 proteins, but expansion of polyglutamine tracts associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2, is present only in primates, as well as some insects. Our analysis of Ataxin-2 proteins provides also a source to examine orthologs in a number of different species.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Jiménez-López and Guzmán; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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