A prospective study of absolute risk and determinants of human papillomavirus incidence among young women in Costa Rica

BMC Infectious Diseases

Wim Quint¹  Allan Hildesheim³  Ana Cecilia Rodriguez²  Sholom Wacholder³  Mark Schiffman³  Megan Clarke³ 

[1] Delft Diagnostic Laboratories, Rijswijk, Netherlands;Proyecto Epidemiológico Guanacaste, San José, Costa Rica;Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA

关键词: Sexual behavior;    Risk factors;    Absolute risk;    Human papillomavirus;   

Others  :  1147174
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2334-13-308

 received in 2012-08-24, accepted in 2013-06-25,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

High risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPV) are known to be extremely common, sexually transmitted infections, but more information is needed regarding the absolute risks of type-specific HR-HPV infections in the years following sexual debut.

Methods

We conducted a survival analysis of 3,737 women aged 18–25 from the control group of the Costa Rican Vaccine trial to determine the absolute risks of HR-HPV infections at 12 months, 24 months, and end of follow-up (average of 50.7 months). To corroborate determinants of infection, we used Cox proportional hazards methods to assess associations between demographics and sexual risk behaviors and incident HR-HPV.

Results

Cumulative incidence for HR-HPV infections was 51.3% at the end of the study period. The most common incident types were HPV52 (15.4%), HPV51 (13.6%), and HPV16 (12.4%). Type-specific cumulative incidence corresponded closely with type-specific prevalences, except that HPV16 was more prevalent than predicted by incidence, suggesting greater persistence. The strongest predictors of incident HR-HPV infections as a group in a multivariate analysis were the expected correlates of sexual behavior of the woman and her partner, such as being single (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4-1.8) or divorced/widowed (HR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.7-2.7), having multiple HPV infections at enrollment (HR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-1.7), and current smoking (HR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0-1.3). In women who reported being having only one lifetime sexual partner (being in a monogamous relationship), the strongest predictors of HR-HPV included not living with sex partner (HR: 2.1, 95% CI 1.7-2.5) and age of sex partner (HR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0-1.8).

Conclusion

We confirm the extremely high incidence of HR-HPV in young women, emphasizing the importance of vaccinating young girls before sexual debut.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Clarke et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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