Ideal and actual involvement of community pharmacists in health promotion and prevention: a cross-sectional study in Quebec, Canada

BMC Public Health

Lyne Lalonde³  Nicole Damestoy²  Sylvie Perreault¹  Marie-Claude Laliberté⁴ 

[1] Sanofi Aventis Endowment Chair in Drug Utilization, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada;Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada;Sanofi Aventis Endowment Chair in Ambulatory Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, C.P. 8128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada;Équipe de recherche en soins de première ligne, Centre de santé et de services sociaux de Laval, 1755 René-Laennec Blvd, room D-S080, Laval, Quebec H7M 3L9, Canada

关键词: Public health;    Prevention;    Health promotion;    Cross-sectional study;    Community pharmacists;   

Others  :  1163783
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-12-192

 received in 2011-12-21, accepted in 2012-03-15,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

An increased interest is observed in broadening community pharmacists' role in public health. To date, little information has been gathered in Canada on community pharmacists' perceptions of their role in health promotion and prevention; however, such data are essential to the development of public-health programs in community pharmacy. A cross-sectional study was therefore conducted to explore the perceptions of community pharmacists in urban and semi-urban areas regarding their ideal and actual levels of involvement in providing health-promotion and prevention services and the barriers to such involvement.

Methods

Using a five-step modified Dillman's tailored design method, a questionnaire with 28 multiple-choice or open-ended questions (11 pages plus a cover letter) was mailed to a random sample of 1,250 pharmacists out of 1,887 community pharmacists practicing in Montreal (Quebec, Canada) and surrounding areas. It included questions on pharmacists' ideal level of involvement in providing health-promotion and preventive services; which services were actually offered in their pharmacy, the employees involved, the frequency, and duration of the services; the barriers to the provision of these services in community pharmacy; their opinion regarding the most appropriate health professionals to provide them; and the characteristics of pharmacists, pharmacies and their clientele.

Results

In all, 571 out of 1,234 (46.3%) eligible community pharmacists completed and returned the questionnaire. Most believed they should be very involved in health promotion and prevention, particularly in smoking cessation (84.3%); screening for hypertension (81.8%), diabetes (76.0%) and dyslipidemia (56.9%); and sexual health (61.7% to 89.1%); however, fewer respondents reported actually being very involved in providing such services (5.7% [lifestyle, including smoking cessation], 44.5%, 34.8%, 6.5% and 19.3%, respectively). The main barriers to the provision of these services in current practice were lack of: time (86.1%), coordination with other health care professionals (61.1%), staff or resources (57.2%), financial compensation (50.8%), and clinical tools (45.5%).

Conclusions

Although community pharmacists think they should play a significant role in health promotion and prevention, they recognize a wide gap between their ideal and actual levels of involvement. The efficient integration of primary-care pharmacists and pharmacies into public health cannot be envisioned without addressing important organizational barriers.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Laliberté et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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