Extensive duplication of the Wolbachia DNA in chromosome four of Drosophila ananassae

BMC Genomics

Julie C Dunning Hotopp³  Siv G E Andersson²  Luke J Tallon¹  Sandra H Ott¹  Melissa Flowers¹  Karsten Sieber¹  Robin Bromley¹  Nikhil Kumar¹  Lisa Klasson² 

[1] Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Molecular Evolution, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA

关键词: Heterochromatin;    Underreplication;    Symbiosis;    Horizontal gene transfer;    Lateral gene transfer;    Wolbachia;    Drosophila ananassae;   

Others  :  1127361
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2164-15-1097

 received in 2014-08-08, accepted in 2014-12-03,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Lateral gene transfer (LGT) from bacterial Wolbachia endosymbionts has been detected in ~20% of arthropod and nematode genome sequencing projects. Many of these transfers are large and contain a substantial part of the Wolbachia genome.

Results

Here, we re-sequenced three D. ananassae genomes from Asia and the Pacific that contain large LGTs from Wolbachia. We find that multiple copies of the Wolbachia genome are transferred to the Drosophila nuclear genome in all three lines. In the D. ananassae line from Indonesia, the copies of Wolbachia DNA in the nuclear genome are nearly identical in size and sequence yielding an even coverage of mapped reads over the Wolbachia genome. In contrast, the D. ananassae lines from Hawaii and India show an uneven coverage of mapped reads over the Wolbachia genome suggesting that different parts of these LGTs are present in different copy numbers. In the Hawaii line, we find that this LGT is underrepresented in third instar larvae indicative of being heterochromatic. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of mitotic chromosomes confirms that the LGT in the Hawaii line is heterochromatic and represents ~20% of the sequence on chromosome 4 (dot chromosome, Muller element F).

Conclusions

This collection of related lines contain large lateral gene transfers composed of multiple Wolbachia genomes that constitute >2% of the D. ananassae genome (~5 Mbp) and partially explain the abnormally large size of chromosome 4 in D. ananassae.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Klasson et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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