Detection of antibodies directed at M. hyorhinis p37 in the serum of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer

BMC Cancer

Cydney Urbanek¹  Steve Goodison⁴  Myron Chang²  Stacy Porvasnik¹  Noburo Sakamoto¹  Chen-zhong Li⁵  Susan K Boehlein³  Charles J Rosser¹ 

[1] Department of Urology, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA

[2] Department of Biostatistics, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA

[3] Department of Biochemistry, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA

[4] Department of Surgery, The University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, 32209, USA

[5] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33174, USA

关键词: prostate;    cancer;    ELISA;    Mycoplasma hyorhinis;   

Others  :  1080902
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2407-11-233

 received in 2011-02-11, accepted in 2011-06-10,  发布年份 2011

【 摘 要 】

Background

Recent epidemiologic, genetic, and molecular studies suggest infection and inflammation initiate certain cancers, including cancers of the prostate. Over the past several years, our group has been studying how mycoplasmas could possibly initiate and propagate cancers of the prostate. Specifically, Mycoplasma hyorhinis encoded protein p37 was found to promote invasion of prostate cancer cells and cause changes in growth, morphology and gene expression of these cells to a more aggressive phenotype. Moreover, we found that chronic exposure of benign human prostate cells to M. hyorhinis resulted in significant phenotypic and karyotypic changes that ultimately resulted in the malignant transformation of the benign cells. In this study, we set out to investigate another potential link between mycoplasma and human prostate cancer.

Methods

We report the incidence of men with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) being seropositive for M. hyorhinis. Antibodies to M. hyorhinis were surveyed by a novel indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples collected from men presenting to an outpatient Urology clinic for BPH (N = 105) or prostate cancer (N = 114) from 2006-2009.

Results

A seropositive rate of 36% in men with BPH and 52% in men with prostate cancer was reported, thus leading us to speculate a possible connection between M. hyorhinis exposure with prostate cancer.

Conclusions

These results further support a potential exacerbating role for mycoplasma in the development of prostate cancer.

【 授权许可】

   
2011 Urbanek et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Radhakrishnan S, Lee A, Oliver T, Chinegwundoh F: An infectious cause for prostate cancer. BJU Int 2007, 99:239-40.
• [2]De Marzo AM, Platz EA, Sutcliffe S, Xu J, Gronberg H, Drake CG, Nakai Y, Isaacs WB, Nelson WG: Inflammation in prostate carcinogenesis. Nat Rev Cancer 2007, 7:256-69.
• [3]Dennis LK, Lynch CF, Torner JC: Epidemiologic association between prostatitis and prostate cancer. Urology 2002, 60:78-83.
• [4]Dennis LK, Dawson DV: Meta-analysis of measures of sexual activity and prostate cancer. Epidemiology 2002, 13:72-9.
• [5]Klein EA, Silverman R: Inflammation, infection, and prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol 2008, 18(3):315-9.
• [6]Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ: Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin 2007, 57:43-66.
• [7]Koraitim MM, Metwalli NE, Atta MA, el-Sadr AA: Changing age incidence and pathological types of schistosoma-associated bladder carcinoma. J Urol 1995, 154:1714-6.
• [8]Hanto DW, Frizzera G, Gajl-Peczalska KJ, Sakamoto K, Purtilo DT, Balfour HH Jr, Simmons RL, Najarian JS: Epstein-Barr virus induced B cell lymphoma after renal transplantation. Acyclovir therapy and transition from polyclonal to monoclonal B-cell proliferation. NEJM 1982, 306:913-8.
• [9]Reeves WC, Brinton LA, Garcia M, Brenes MM, Herrero R, Gaitan E, Tenorio F, de Britton RC, Rawls WE: Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer in Latin America. NEJM 1989, 320:1437-41.
• [10]Lo SC: Mycoplasmas: Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis. Edited by Maniloff J, McElheney RN, Finch LR, and Baseman JB. Am. Soc. Microbiol. Press, Washington, DC; 1992:525-545.
• [11]Paton GR, Jacobs JP, Perkins FT: Chromosome changes in human diploid-cell cultures infected with Mycoplasma. Nature 1965, 207(992):43-5.
• [12]Fogh J, Fogh H: Chromosome changes in PPLO-infected FL human amnion cells. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1965, 119:233-38.
• [13]Cimolai N: Do mycoplasmas cause human cancerż. Can J Microbiol 2001, 47:691-697.
• [14]Feng SH, Tsai S, Rodriguez J, Lo SC: Mycoplasmal infectiond prevent apoptosis and induce malignant transformation if interleukin-3-dependent 32D hematopoietic cells. Mol Cell Biol 1999, 16(12):7995-8002.
• [15]Namiki K, Goodison S, Porvasnik S, Allan RW, Iczkowski KA, Urbanek C, Reyes L, Sakamoto N, Rosser CJ: Persistent exposure to Mycoplasma induces malignant transformation of human prostate cells. PLoS One 2009, 4(9):e6872.
• [16]Ketcham CM, Anai S, Reutzel R, Sheng S, Schuster SM, Brenes RB, Agbandje-McKenna M, McKenna R, Rosser CJ, Boehlein SK: P37 Induces Tumor Invasiveness. Mol Cancer Ther 2005, 4:1031-8.
• [17]Goodison S, Nakamura K, Iczkowski KA, Anai S, Boehlein SK, Rosser CJ: Exogenous Mycoplasmal p37 Protein Alters Gene Expression, Growth, and Morphology of Prostate Cancer Cells. Cytogenet Genome Res 2007, 118(2-4):204-13.
• [18]Fareed GC, Mendiaz E, Sen A, Juillare GJF, Weisenburger TH, Totanes TJ: Novel antigenic markers of human tumor regression. Biol Res Mod 1988, 7:11-23.
• [19]Ilantzis C, Thomson DMP, Michelidou A, Benchimol S, Stanners CP: Identification of a Human Cancer Related Organ-Specific Neoantigen. Microbiol Immunol 1993, 37:119-28.
• [20]Dudler R, Schmidhauser C, Parish RW, Wettemhall REH, Schmidt T: A mycoplasma high-affinity transport system and the in vitro invasiveness of mouse sarcoma cells. EMBO J 1988, 7:3971-74.
• [21]Galili U, Rachmilewitz EA, Peleg A, Flechner I: A unique natural human IgG antibody with anti-alpha-galactosyl specificity. J Exp Med 1984, 160(5):1519-31.
• [22]Fluss R, Faraggi D, Reiser B: Estimation of the Youden Index and its associated cutoff point. Biometrical Journal 2005, 47(4):458-472.
• [23]Sasaki H, Igaki H, Ishizuka T, Kogoma Y, Sugimura T, Terada M: Presence of stretococcus DNA sequence in surgical specimens of gastric cancer. Jpn J Cancer Res 1995, 86:791-4.
• [24]Huang S, Li JY, Wu J, Meng L, Shou CC: Mycoplasma infections and different human carcinomas. World Gastroentero 2001, 7:266-269.
• [25]Iverson-Cabral SL, Astete SG, Cohen CR, Totten PA: mgpB and mgpC sequence diversity in Mycoplasma genitalium is generated by segmental reciprocal recombination with repetitive chromosomal sequences. Mol Microbiol 2007, 66(1):55-73.
• [26]Zhang B, Shih JW, Wear DJ, Tsai S, Lo SC: High-level expression of H-ras and c-myc oncogenese in mycoplasm-mediated malignant cell transformation. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1997, 214:359-66.
• [27]Tsai S, Wear DJ, Shih JWK, Lo SC: Mycoplasmas and oncogenesis: Persistent infection and multistage malignant transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92:10197-201.
• [28]Hayward SW, Dahiya R, Cunha GR, Bartek J, Deshpande N, Narayan P: Establishment and characterization of an immortalized but non-transformed human prostate epithelial cell line: BPH-1. Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1995, 31:14-24.