Unravelling the genome of Holy basil: an “incomparable” “elixir of life” of traditional Indian medicine

BMC Genomics

Ajit Kumar Shasany²  Gopalakrishna Ramaswamy⁵  Chellappa Gopalakrishnan⁵  Sriram Parameswaran⁵  Anil Kumar Tripathi²  Raj Kishori Lal³  Feroz Khan⁴  Vikrant Gupta²  Alok Kalra¹  Shubhra Rastogi² 

[1] Microbial Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India;Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, U.P., India;Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, U.P., India;Metabolic and Structural Biology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow 226015, U.P., India;Research and Development Unit, Genotypic Technology Private Limited, Bangalore 560094, Karnataka, India

关键词: SSR’s Whole genome sequencing;    Secondary metabolism;    Ocimum sanctum L;    Mitochondria;    Chloroplast;   

Others  :  1208966
DOI  :  10.1186/s12864-015-1640-z

 received in 2014-12-01, accepted in 2015-05-18,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Ocimum sanctum L. (O. tenuiflorum) family-Lamiaceae is an important component of Indian tradition of medicine as well as culture around the world, and hence is known as “Holy basil” in India. This plant is mentioned in the ancient texts of Ayurveda as an “elixir of life” (life saving) herb and worshipped for over 3000 years due to its healing properties.Although used in various ailments, validation of molecules for differential activities is yet to be fully analyzed, as about 80 % of the patents on this plant are on extracts or the plant parts, and mainly focussed on essential oil components. With a view to understand the full metabolic potential of this plant whole nuclear and chloroplast genomes were sequenced for the first time combining the sequence data from 4 libraries and three NGS platforms.

Results

The saturated draft assembly of the genome was about 386 Mb, along with the plastid genome of 142,245 bp, turning out to be the smallest in Lamiaceae. In addition to SSR markers, 136 proteins were identified as homologous to five important plant genomes. Pathway analysis indicated an abundance of phenylpropanoids in O. sanctum. Phylogenetic analysis for chloroplast proteome placed Salvia miltiorrhiza as the nearest neighbor. Comparison of the chemical compounds and genes availability in O. sanctum and S. miltiorrhiza indicated the potential for the discovery of new active molecules.

Conclusion

The genome sequence and annotation of O. sanctum provides new insights into the function of genes and the medicinal nature of the metabolites synthesized in this plant. This information is highly beneficial for mining biosynthetic pathways for important metabolites in related species.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Rastogi et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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