Evaluating the composition and processing potential of novel sources of Brazilian biomass for sustainable biorenewables production

Biotechnology for Biofuels

Marisa A Lima⁵  Leonardo D Gomez²  Clare G Steele-King²  Rachael Simister²  Oigres D Bernardinelli⁵  Marcelo A Carvalho⁴  Camila A Rezende¹  Carlos A Labate³  Eduardo R deAzevedo⁵  Simon J McQueen-Mason²  Igor Polikarpov⁵ 

[1] Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas SP 13083-970, Brazil

[2] CNAP, Department of Biology, University of York, York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK

[3] Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Campinas, SP, Brazil

[4] Embrapa Cerrados, Genética e Melhoramento de Forrageiras, Br 020, Km 18 – Cx. P. 08223, Planaltina DF 73301-970, Brazil

[5] Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos SP 13560-970, Brazil

关键词: Sugarcane bagasse;    Scanning electron microscopy;    Pretreatments;    Pennisetum purpureum;    Panicum maximum;    Eucalyptus barks;    Enzymatic saccharification;    Chemical composition;    Brazilian grasses;    Brachiaria brizantha;    Bioethanol;   

Others  :  794009
DOI  :  10.1186/1754-6834-7-10

 received in 2013-06-21, accepted in 2013-12-06,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The search for promising and renewable sources of carbohydrates for the production of biofuels and other biorenewables has been stimulated by an increase in global energy demand in the face of growing concern over greenhouse gas emissions and fuel security. In particular, interest has focused on non-food lignocellulosic biomass as a potential source of abundant and sustainable feedstock for biorefineries. Here we investigate the potential of three Brazilian grasses (Panicum maximum, Pennisetum purpureum and Brachiaria brizantha), as well as bark residues from the harvesting of two commercial Eucalyptus clones (E. grandis and E. grandis x urophylla) for biofuel production, and compare these to sugarcane bagasse. The effects of hot water, acid, alkaline and sulfite pretreatments (at increasing temperatures) on the chemical composition, morphology and saccharification yields of these different biomass types were evaluated.

Results

The average yield (per hectare), availability and general composition of all five biomasses were compared. Compositional analyses indicate a high level of hemicellulose and lignin removal in all grass varieties (including sugarcane bagasse) after acid and alkaline pretreatment with increasing temperatures, whilst the biomasses pretreated with hot water or sulfite showed little variation from the control. For all biomasses, higher cellulose enrichment resulted from treatment with sodium hydroxide at 130°C. At 180°C, a decrease in cellulose content was observed, which is associated with high amorphous cellulose removal and 5-hydroxymethyl-furaldehyde production. Morphological analysis showed the effects of different pretreatments on the biomass surface, revealing a high production of microfibrillated cellulose on grass surfaces, after treatment with 1% sodium hydroxide at 130°C for 30 minutes. This may explain the higher hydrolysis yields resulting from these pretreatments, since these cellulosic nanoparticles can be easily accessed and cleaved by cellulases.

Conclusion

Our results show the potential of three Brazilian grasses with high productivity yields as valuable sources of carbohydrates for ethanol production and other biomaterials. Sodium hydroxide at 130°C was found to be the most effective pretreatment for enhanced saccharification yields. It was also efficient in the production of microfibrillated cellulose on grass surfaces, thereby revealing their potential as a source of natural fillers used for bionanocomposites production.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Lima et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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