Hypoxic enhancement of exosome release by breast cancer cells

BMC Cancer

Hamish W King²  Michael Z Michael²  Jonathan M Gleadle¹ 

[1] Renal Department, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University School of Medicine, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia

[2] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University School of Medicine, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia

关键词: Exoquick^TM;    Nanosight;    Nanoparticle tracking analysis;    Breast cancer cells;    Exosomes;    Hypoxia;   

Others  :  1080188
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2407-12-421

 received in 2012-05-24, accepted in 2012-09-18,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by tumour cells which have roles in paracrine signalling during tumour progression, including tumour-stromal interactions, activation of proliferative pathways and bestowing immunosuppression. Hypoxia is an important feature of solid tumours which promotes tumour progression, angiogenesis and metastasis, potentially through exosome-mediated signalling.

Methods

Breast cancer cell lines were cultured under either moderate (1% O₂) or severe (0.1% O₂) hypoxia. Exosomes were isolated from conditioned media and quantitated by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and immunoblotting for the exosomal protein CD63 in order to assess the impact of hypoxia on exosome release. Hypoxic exosome fractions were assayed for miR-210 by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and normalised to exogenous and endogenous control genes. Statistical significance was determined using the Student T test with a P value of < 0.05 considered significant.

Results

Exposure of three different breast cancer cell lines to moderate (1% O₂) and severe (0.1% O₂) hypoxia resulted in significant increases in the number of exosomes present in the conditioned media as determined by NTA and CD63 immunoblotting. Activation of hypoxic signalling by dimethyloxalylglycine, a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylase inhibitor, resulted in significant increase in exosome release. Transfection of cells with HIF-1α siRNA prior to hypoxic exposure prevented the enhancement of exosome release by hypoxia. The hypoxically regulated miR-210 was identified to be present at elevated levels in hypoxic exosome fractions.

Conclusions

These data provide evidence that hypoxia promotes the release of exosomes by breast cancer cells, and that this hypoxic response may be mediated by HIF-1α. Given an emerging role for tumour cell-derived exosomes in tumour progression, this has significant implications for understanding the hypoxic tumour phenotype, whereby hypoxic cancer cells may release more exosomes into their microenvironment to promote their own survival and invasion.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 King et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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