Gender equality in Lab our Market as a Birth Rare Factor in the Modern Globalized World

International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern technologies

Mosakova, E.A.^1

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia^1

关键词: Birth rates;    Demographic transition;    Developed countries;    Employment change;    Functional connection;    Gender equality;    Labour market;    Women employments;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/463/4/042093/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/463/4/042093

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The topic's pertinence stems from the progressive rise of the demographic threat to national security of certain countries and the world as a whole. That results from uneven population reproduction as birth rate in different countries and world regions differs dramatically. The article views the theoretical basis for women employment rate's impact on birth rate in developed and developing countries before and after their demographic birthrate transition. It states that after the demographic transition the functional connection between birth rate and economic employment changes to the opposite: women labour employment starts to impact positively the number of children being born. The article provides the proof of the functional connection of the birth rate measured in terms of an aggregate coefficient and the level of gender inequality in the modern labour market measured by the Global Gender Gap Index that is updated annually by the World Economic Forum; this connection is also examined for developed and developing countries. In conclusion, a deduction is made that in the majority of modern developed countries when in economy gender inequality decreases a woman has more opportunities to perform family and professional obligations, which therefore results in a rise in the birth rate. In developing countries the situation is generally reversed: the birth rate is higher as is the gender inequality level.