Numerical and laboratory methods of tsunami waves modeling

21st International Scientific Conference on Advanced in Civil Engineering "Construction - The Formation of Living Environment"

土木建筑工程

Akulinin, Anton^1

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Yaroslavskoe shosse 26, Moscow

129337, Russia^1

关键词: Laboratory conditions;    Laboratory methods;    Loose materials;    Material damages;    Natural phenomena;    Random parameters;    Tsunami models;    Wave generators;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/365/4/042043/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/365/4/042043

学科分类：土木及结构工程学

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Tsunami waves are one of the most destructive natural phenomena. The study and modeling of tsunami waves can allow us to reduce the number of human casualties and to minimize material damage in case of disaster. Tsunami waves modeling in laboratory conditions, in contrast to numerical simulation, allows us to obtain more reliable data. In numerical modeling it is impossible to take a large number of random parameters into account (the impact of large-sized debris on buildings and structures during the second and subsequent waves, for example). There are several methods to generate tsunami waves. In our studies, emphasis will be placed on the moving block method and the pneumatic wave generator method. In the moving block method, wave is generated after a solid or loose material collides with a water surface (the tsunami model, whose source is landslide). When using the pneumatic wave generator, a wave or series of waves are formed using a special laboratory installation. The laboratory installation consists of a wave tray or basin in which a tank is installed an open part to the surface of the water. Air from the tank is pumped out by the pump, and the water level in the tank gradually rises. Then with the help of air valves, the water is released and generates a wave. The shape and periodicity of the generated waves can be varied by means of the computer that controls the air valves. The data obtained during the research is necessary both for making corrections in the numerical tsunami models and for designing buildings and structures in tsunami-prone areas.