Experiences from the small historical dams failures during heavy floods

International Symposium on Geohazards and Geomechanics 2015

地球科学;生态环境科学

Vaníek, I.^1 ; Vaníek, M.^2 ; Jirásko, D.^1 ; Pecival, T.^3

Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Geotechnical Dept., Thákurova 7, Prague 6

166 29, Czech Republic^1

Geosyntetika S.r.o., Nikoly Tesly 3, Prague 6

160 00, Czech Republic^2

Vodní Díla TBD - TBD A.s., Hybernská 1617/40, Prague 1

110 00, Czech Republic^3

关键词: Catastrophic floods;    Catchment basins;    Fish production;    Flood protection;    Flood wave propagation;    Internal erosion;    Potential risks;    Surface erosion;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/26/1/012042/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/26/1/012042

学科分类：环境科学（综合）

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Roughly between 400 and 600 years ago many small earth dams were constructed mainly in the south part of the Czech Republic. They were used for fish production and flood protection. To our days roughly one third survived, which means about 25 000 of them. During catastrophic floods in 2002 many of them had some problems but less than 0.3% failed. Experiences gained from the failure evaluation are presented. Firstly from the view of limit states of failures, when limit states of internal erosion and surface erosion played most important role and were the main reason of failures. Secondly, from the view of so called domino effect of failure, when the most important dam on the catchment basin failed and after that the other ones, situated below, had limited chance to survive. The failures are described for catchment basin of the small river Lomnice in south part of the Czech Republic close to the town Blatna. The experiences obtained there led to the evaluation of other catchment basins where domino effect of failure can play also very important role. For the evaluation of potential risk, the numerical modelling was used to study the flood wave propagation below the critical dam, especially at the moment when this wave is reaching the dam situated below the critical one. Finally, the recommendations are specified, not only for individual dams but also for catchment basin, where the risk of domino effect failure is very high.