Effect of Herbicides Paraquat and Glyphosate on the Early Development of Two Tested Plants

World Multidisciplinary Earth Sciences Symposium

Tzvetkova, Pavla^1 ; Lyubenova, Maryana^1 ; Boteva, Sivena^1 ; Todorovska, Elena^2 ; Tsonev, Stefan^2 ; Kalcheva, Hristina^3

Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, Sofia University st. Kliment Ohridski, 8 Dragan Tzankov Bul., Sofia

1164, Bulgaria^1

AgroBioInstitute, 8 Dragan Tsankov, Sofia

1164, Bulgaria^2

Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, Sofia

1113, Bulgaria^3

关键词: Agricultural practices;    Environmental toxicity;    Genetic analysis;    Herbicide stress;    Lepidium sativum;    Raphanus sativus;    Seed germination;    Species abundance;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/221/1/012137/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/221/1/012137

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The publication deals with the effect of herbicides paraquat (PQ) and glyphosate (G) on germination and early development of standard test plants-garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus var. radiculata L.). PQ has proven environmental toxicity and its usage is forbidden in Europe, while G is widely used in agricultural practice. Pollution of soil and surface water with pesticides can cause a reduction in biodiversity and species abundance, alteration in the structure of populations with consequent degradation of terrestrial communities. Besides their ability to bioaccumulate and biomagnify along the trophic chains and thus remain in the biotope over a long time in increasing concentrations, they can inhibit seed germination and early development of young plants in ecosystems. The ecotoxicology tests were conducted with 200 μM, 350 μM, 500 μM, 650 μM, 800 μM, 950 μM and 1100 μ herbicides concentrations, and a control-distilled water. The number of germinated seeds (Ek) and viable sprouts (K), length of stems and roots, and absolute dry weight of stems, roots and leaves were used as parameters for identifying the pesticides impact. The ecotoxicology tests showed a generally pronounced higher toxicity of PQ compared to G. In addition, the genetic analysis using ISSR markers showed that plants respond to herbicide stress through changes at DNA level that are in general dose-dependent and, at least partially, stress-specific.