Failure of carbon steel boiler tubes from waterside has been reported in the utilityboilers and industrial boilers for a long time. In industrial boilers, most waterside tubecracks are found near heavy attachment welds on the outer surface and are typically blunt,with multiple bulbous features indicating a discontinuous growth. These types of tubefailures are typically referred to as stress assisted corrosion (SAC). For recovery boilersin the pulp and paper industry, these failures are particularly important as any water leakinside the furnace can potentially lead to smelt-water explosion.Previous research shows that metal properties, environmental variables, and stressconditions are the major factors influencing SAC crack initiation and propagation incarbon steel boiler tubes. A significant volume of work has also been published to showthat the use of carbon steel in high temperature water applications strongly depends uponthe formation and stability of a protective magnetite oxide film on the waterside of boilertubes.This present study is aimed at evaluating above stated variables individually andinteractively to identify SAC crack initiation and crack propagation behavior in carbonsteel boiler tubes. Other goal of this research is to understand the mechanism of bulbousSAC crack formation under industrial boiler operating conditions, thus to figure out apractical way to predict and prevent SAC type failures in the industrial boilers.
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Factors affecting stress assisted corrosion cracking of carbon steel under industrial boiler conditions
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