The Pilot Study of Water Chemistry in Municipal Fountains in Olsztyn (NE Poland)

World Multidisciplinary Earth Sciences Symposium

Tandyrak, Renata^1 ; Parszuto, Katarzyna^1 ; Grochowska, Jolanta^1 ; Augustyniak, Renata^1 ; Lopata, Michal^1 ; Plachta, Anna^1

University of Warmia and Mazury, Department of Water Protection Engineering, Prawocheskiego 1, Olsztyn

10-720, Poland^1

关键词: Artificial objects;    Chemical compositions;    Electrolytic conductivity;    Low concentrations;    Maximum concentrations;    Surface drainage;    Water chemistry;    Water temperatures;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/221/1/012114/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/221/1/012114

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The aim of the study was preliminary identification of water chemistry in selected fountains located in municipal parks in Olsztyn (NE Poland). These studies will be the basis for further analyzes, including microbiological and mycological ones-the authors assume that specific chemical composition of water is the environment of existence and growing of microorganisms and at the same time it can be modified by them. For the pilot studies 5 objects were selected and conventionally divided them into artificial, semi-natural and natural fountains. Artificial fountains are supplied with tap water. The water is disinfected with chlorine and replaced if necessary. The semi-natural fountains are partly supplied with tap water and partly with surface runoff. Natural ones are supplied only by surface drainage and collectors draining the area of the adjacent park. Water for testing was collected throughout the operating season, every 2 weeks, from 22.05 to 3.10.2017. Physicochemical analyzes were performed in accordance with the methodology adopted in hydrochemical research. There were no significant differences in the water temperature between the different types of fountains, while the relationship between water temperature and air temperature was shown by the following equations: y = 0.9275x + 2.034, R2 = 0.6611 (for artificial) and y = 0.4538 x + 8.6301, R2 = 0.6642 (for others) where x = water temperature in the fountain. It has been shown that chemical composition of water in artificial objects is definitely different from that which fills natural and semi-natural fountains. Water in artificial objects, compared to the other ones, was characterized by low concentration of iron (0-0.14 mg dm-3) and manganese (0.020.07 mg dm-3), constant, slight hyperoxia (maximum 116.7% O2). The content of organic matter determined as COD-Mn was lower than in other objects, and we have improved that changes in the lifetime were insignificant. A highly significant relationship was found between the electrolytic conductivity and the concentration of NO3 - and Cl- (Spearman: 0.92 and 0.82 respectively) and between the concentration of free chlorine (Cl2) and chlorides (Cl-). The maximum concentration found during the studies was 21 mg Cl2 dm-3, and the smell was organoleptically felt as intensive even within about of five meters, generally throughout the whole research period. In all objects, the concentration of chlorides increased systematically during the lifetime of fountains. Constant increase in conductivity was observed, which indicates increased pollution. In addition, natural and semi-natural objects are exposed to increased pollution not only from people. Animal faeces and remains of feed scattered by people feeding birds, leaves and pollen are a big problem.