Stable single-unit recordings from the nervous system using microelectrode arrays can have significant implications for the treatment of a wide variety of sensory and movement disorders. However, the long-term performance of the implanted neural electrodes is compromised by the formation of glial scar around these devices, which is a typical consequence of the inflammatory tissue reaction to implantation-induced injury in the CNS.The glial scar is inhibitory to neurons and forms a barrier between the electrode and neurons in the surrounding brain tissue. Therefore, to maintain long-term recording stability, reactive gliosis and other inflammatory processes around the electrode need to be minimized.This work has succeeded in the development of neural electrode coatings that are capable of sustained release of anti-inflammatory agents while not adversely affecting the electrical performance of the electrodes. The effects of coating methods, initial drug loadings on release kinetics were investigated to optimize the coatings. The physical properties of the coatings and the bioactivity of released anti-inflammatory agents were characterized.The effect of the coatings on the electrical property of the electrodes was tested. Two candidate anti-inflammatory agents were screened by evaluating their anti-inflammatory potency in vitro. Finally, neural electrodes coated with the anti-inflammatory coatings were implanted into rat brains to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of the coatings in vivo. This work represents a promising approach to attenuate astroglial scar around the implanted silicon neural electrodes, and may provide a promising strategy to improve the long-term recording stability of silicon neural electrodes.
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Development and Characterization of Anti-Inflammatory Coatings for Implanted Neural Probes
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