Adaptive adolescent flexibility: neurodevelopment of decision-making and learning in a risky context

adolescence;flexible behavior

McCormick, Ethan M ; Telzer ; Eva H.

关键词: adolescence;    flexible behavior;   

Others  :  https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/90784/MCCORMICK-THESIS-2016.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

美国|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

Research on adolescence has largely focused on the particular biological and neural changes that place teens at risk for negative outcomes linked to increases in sensation-seeking and risky behavior. However, there is a growing interest in the adaptive function of adolescence, with work highlighting the dual nature of adolescence as a period of potential risk and opportunity. We examined how behavioral and neural sensitivity to risk and reward vary as a function of age using the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART). Seventy-seven children and adolescents (ages 8-17 years) completed the BART during an fMRI session. Results indicate that adolescents show greater exploration and learning across the task. Furthermore, older participants showed increased neural responses to reward in the OFC and ventral striatum, increased activation to risk in the right SFG and MCC, as well as increased functional OFC-mPFC coupling in both risk and reward contexts. Age-related changes in regional activity and inter-regional connectivity explain the link between age-related increases in flexible exploration and learning. These results support the idea that adolescents' sensitivity to risk and reward supports adaptive behavioral approaches for reward acquisition.