Brain Activity of Human Mastication.

Mastication;FMRI;FcMRI;Dentistry;Health Sciences;Oral Health Sciences

Quintero Valencia, Andres AlbertoRothman, Edward D. ;

University of Michigan

关键词: Mastication;    FMRI;    FcMRI;    Dentistry;    Health Sciences;    Oral Health Sciences;   

Others  :  https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/91562/andresqv_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

The aim of this project was to evaluate brain activity in human subjects related to chewing. A second purpose was to develop a new device to assess chewing. Twenty nine healthy subjects with class I occlusion were selected. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed on patients while they were chewing gum on the right side for ten scanning blocks of 25 seconds. The data were processed using blood oxygen dependent level analysis. We found that there were activations in motor cortex, brainstem, basal ganglia and cerebellum when the chewing block was contrasted with the rest block. A second analysis was performed where the chewing block was divided into five segments of five seconds each. This analysis showed that there were dynamic changes in brain activity patterns over time, and that the brain activity at the beginning of the chewing task was unique when compared to the activity from the remaining segments. The data set was processed under a functional connectivity MRI toolbox to determine functional connectivity maps associated with chewing. Motor cortices, cerebellums and pons were used as seeds for the analysis. The results showed that the motor cortices where functionally connected with the cerebellum, brainstem, contralateral cortex, precuneus and basal ganglia. The cerebellum was functionally connected with the motor cortex, temporal cortex and frontal cortex. The pons showed functional connectivity mainly with the parahippocampal cortices. For the first time we showed how areas such as the cerebellum and precuneus have an important role in chewing.In the second part of the study we created an oral dynamometer to assess chewing. Forty healthy subjects were selected, and they chew on the oral dynamometer for ten minutes. Work of the chewing task was established, and we determined that it was normally distributed and that no differences between women and men were found. Also no changes in chewing frequency per subject were found over the ten minutes. The oral dynamometer promises to be a reliable instrument to assess chewing that overcomes the limitations of other methods.