The purpose of this report is to improvethe knowledge base for facilitating investments in landmanagement technologies that sequester soil organic carbon.While there are many studies on soil carbon sequestration,there is no single unifying volume that synthesizesknowledge on the impact of different land managementpractices on soil carbon sequestration rates across theworld. A meta-analysis was carried out to provide soilcarbon sequestration rates in Africa, Asia, and LatinAmerica. This is one important element in decision-makingfor sustainable agricultural intensification,agro-ecosystems resilience, and comprehensive assessments ofgreenhouse mitigation potentials of Sustainable LandManagement (SLM) practices. Furthermore, the ecosystemsimulation modeling technique was used to predict futurecarbon storage in global cropland soils. Last, marginalabatement cost curves and trade-off graphs were used toassess the cost-effectiveness of the technologies in carbonsequestration. The remainder of the report is organized asfollows. Chapter two provides a brief review of soil organiccarbon dynamics and the methods for soil carbon assessment.The chapter concludes with brief information on carbonassessment in The World Bank's sustainable landmanagement projects portfolio. Chapter three reports theincrease in soil carbon for selected sustainable landmanagement practices in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.Chapter four reports the estimates from ecosystemsimulation, while chapter five concludes with the benefitsand costs of adopting carbon sequestering practices and adiscussion of policy options to support climate smartagriculture in developing countries. The report will providea broad perspective to natural resource managers and otherprofessionals involved in scaling up Climate-SmartAgriculture (CSA).
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