The main finding of this review is thatthe Multi-Donor Trust Fund-Extractive IndustriesTransparency Initiative (MDTF-EITI) program is in theprocess of achieving its objective of increasingtransparency of revenues in resource-dependent countries.Given the resilience and pervasiveness of the resourcecurse, the achievement of this narrowly defined objective ina few critical countries is a notable accomplishment thathas created the momentum needed to attract a growing numberof countries, donors, enterprises and Civil SocietyOrganizations (CSOs) a testimony of their hope that, inspite of the uncertainty and risks, the benefits will beforthcoming in due course. The findings of the presentreview suggest that to ensure that tangible benefits interms of improved revenue management and accountability canbe achieved, the program needs to satisfactorily address theemerging doubts about the adequacy of the program in theabsence of complementary measures, tackle issues with thescope and quality of the EITI reports, manage the tensionsbetween authority and accountability, and face up to thetradeoff between expanding the number of EITI candidates andimproving results in countries that are already implementingEITI. The EITIapos;s stakeholders are aware of these issues,which have already been discussed at several Board meetingsand workshops. What is needed now is a roadmap for thesecond phase built around a unifying principle that can helpto reconcile and prioritize among competing demands.
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