Transition to a low carbon economy inPoland is a study by the World Bank for the PolishGovernment, supported by the UK Department for InternationalDevelopment and donors to the Energy Sector ManagementAssistance Program (ESMAP). The study poses the question ofhow Poland, an European Union (EU) member state, anindustrialized 'annex one' country for thepurposes of international climate discussions, and anOrganization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD) member, can successfully transition to a low carboneconomy as successfully as it underwent transition to amarket economy in the early 1990s. Transition to a lowcarbon economy in Poland provides a detailed assessment ofmany aspects of a low carbon growth strategy for Poland,developing insights via a suite of models that shouldprovide ongoing assistance to policymakers. Thesepolicymakers may find reassuring the main message thatPoland's transition to a low carbon economy, while notfree or simple is affordable. However, capturing the fullpackage of technologically feasible and economicallysensible abatement measures requires coordinated and earlyaction by the government.