The African Ministers' Council onWater (AMCOW) commissioned the production of a second roundof Country Status Overviews (CSOs) to better understandswhat underpins progress in water supply and sanitation (WSS)and what its member governments can do to accelerate thatprogress across countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AMCOWdelegated this task to the World Bank's Water andSanitation Program and the African Development Bank who areimplementing it in close partnership with United NationsChildren's Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization(WHO) in over 30 countries across SSA. This second CSOreport has been produced in collaboration with theGovernment of Burkina Faso and other stakeholders during2009-10. The analysis aims to help countries assess theirown service delivery pathways for turning finance into watersupply and sanitation services in each of four subsectors:rural and urban water supply, and rural and urban sanitationand hygiene. The second CSO analysis has three maincomponents: a review of past coverage; a costing model toassess the adequacy of future investments; and a scorecardwhich allows diagnosis of particular bottlenecks along theservice delivery pathway. The second CSO's contributionis to answer not only whether past trends and future financeare sufficient to meet sector targets, but what specificissues need to be addressed to ensure finance is effectivelyturned into accelerated coverage in water supply andsanitation. In this spirit, specific priority actions havebeen identified through consultation. A synthesis report,available separately, presents best practice and sharedlearning to help realize these priority actions.