Migration and Skills : TheExperience of Migrant Workers from Albania, Egypt, Moldova,and Tunisia

Sabadie, Jesus Alquezar ; Avato, Johanna ; Bardak, Ummuhan ; Panzica, Francesco ; Popova, Natalia

World Bank

关键词: ACCESS TO EDUCATION;    ADULT EDUCATION;    ADULT POPULATION;    ARCHAEOLOGY;    ASYLUM;   

DOI  :  10.1596/978-0-8213-8079-6
RP-ID  :  53642

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The subject of migration, and how bestto manage it, has been moving up the policy agenda of theEuropean Union for some time now. Faced with an agingpopulation, possible skills shortages at all skills levels,and the need to compete for highly skilled migrants withcountries such as Australia, Canada, and the United States,the European Union (EU) is moving from seeing migration as aproblem or a threat to viewing it as an opportunity. As anEU agency promoting skills and human capital development intransition and developing countries, the European TrainingFoundation (ETF) wished to explore the impact of migrationon skills development, with a special emphasis on Diasporasand returning migrants. For the World Bank, the issue ofmigration forms an integral part of its approach to socialprotection, since it believes that labor-market policy musttake into account the national as well the internationaldimensions of skilled labor mobility. Both institutions werekeen to look at what changes need to be made to migrationpolicy in order to achieve a triple-win situation, one thatcan benefit both sending and receiving countries as well asthe migrants themselves. This report aims to unravel thecomplex relationship between migration and skillsdevelopment. It paints a precise picture of potential andreturning migrants from four very different countries,Albania, the Arab Republic of Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia,that is a conscious choice of two 'traditional'(Egypt, Tunisia) and two 'new' (Albania, Moldova)sending countries, and describes the skills they possess andthe impact that the experience of migration has on theirskills development. It is harder to draw accurateconclusions on the link between job aspirations and currentemployment status, since many of the potential migrants werenot actively employed at the time of the interview. However,the data suggest people did expect to change jobs as aresult of migration, and the sectors they expected to workin varied according to their nationality. Focusing solely onthose planning to move to the EU, many Albanians expected towork in domestic service, hospitality, and construction;Egyptians expected to work in hospitality and construction;Moldovans expected to work in domestic service andconstruction; and Tunisians expected to work in hospitalityand manufacturing. Few migrants working in agriculture orpetty trade aimed to work in these same sectors while abroad.