This publication examines the role offoundations, trusts, and funds (FTFs) in delivering benefitsderived from mining projects in the developing world.Chapter two addresses the necessity of sharing benefits frommining projects and identifies the situations under which adedicated instrument such as an FTF can support thatprocess. Chapter three reveals both the diversity andsimilarities of FTFs by reviewing six key attributes: theirprogramming approach; their financing structure; theirgeographic focus; the extent of community participation ingovernance; the influence of the mining company on FTFoperations; and the influence of the government on the FTF.Chapter four identifies key conditions for success and areasof leading practice based on experience with mining FTFsglobally and drawing on specific cases in Namibia, Papua NewGuinea, Peru, and South Africa.