Tanzania:Country Brief

World Bank

World Bank

关键词: ACCOUNTING;    ADULT LITERACY;    AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT;    ARABLE LAND;    ARMED CONFLICT;   

DOI  :  10.1596/978-0-8213-7868-7
RP-ID  :  48601

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The name Tanzania is a portmanteau ofTanganyika, the mainland, and Zanzibar, the nearbyarchipelago in the Indian Ocean. The two united to becomethe United Republic of Tanzania in 1964. With a surface areaof 947,300 square kilometers, Tanzania is comparable in sizeto Nigeria and is slightly more than twice the size of theU.S. state of California. Tanzania's population ofapproximately 40.4 million (as of 2007) is the secondlargest in East Africa, after Ethiopia's. Dar esSalaam, the most populous city, contains approximately 2.7million people and accounts for most commercial activity.Swahili (or Kiswahili) and English are the two officiallanguages of Tanzania. A large number of local languages arealso spoken. In Zanzibar, Arabic is commonly used.Agriculture remains the mainstay of Tanzania's economy,accounting for one-quarter of gross domestic product (GDP)and approximately 80 percent of employment. Tanzania isendowed with mineral and natural resources, including gold,diamonds, and several other precious and semipreciousstones. The blue gemstone tanzanite is found only inTanzania. Tanzania accounted for almost two percent of worldgold production as of 2006. Tanzania has a long history ofhosting refugee's fleeing civil wars in nearbycountries. As of January 2008, there were more than 380,000refugees living in Tanzania, predominantly from Burundi andthe Democratic Republic of Congo. Tanzania is an up-markettourism destination. The country is endowed with a varietyof tourism assets, including seven United NationsEducational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)world heritage sites and numerous wildlife parks, beachresorts, coral reefs, and spectacular scenic mountain views.