This report is a window into a largerinitiative, the jobs and prosperity: building Zambia'sCompetitiveness (JPC) program. The JPC program is a'joint venture' between the governments of theRepublic of Zambia, the Zambian private sector, the UnitedKingdom's Department for International Development(DFID), the African development bank group and the WorldBank Group. As such, the report represents the collectiveefforts of many people who engaged in this work at differentstages in the process. This report is part of a seriesproduced by the World Bank's Africa Finance and PrivateSector Development Unit (AFTFP). This report explores thepotential contribution that the beef and dairy industriescould make to jobs and prosperity in Zambia, and what itwill take to achieve this potential. The Zambian governmenthas been looking to increase growth and job creation, andthe prosperity resulting from them, by developing a morecompetitive and diversified economy. This report exploresthe potential contribution that the beef and dairyindustries could make to the government's ambition andsets out what it will take for the industries to achievetheir potential. Two main factors provide Zambia with largepotential for developing its beef and dairy industries: thecountry could sustain more than double its currentpopulation of cattle; the demand for beef and dairy productsin the domestic and regional markets is likely to increasesignificantly. However, Zambia's beef and dairyindustries are currently underperforming and uncompetitive.