Potential for Biofuels for Transport in Developing Countries

Kojima, Masami ; Johnson, Todd

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY;    AIR EMISSIONS;    AIR POLLUTION;    AIR QUALITY;    AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT;   

RP-ID  :  ESM312

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Liquid biofuels made from biomass areattracting increasing interest worldwide. Industrialcountries see biofuels as a way of reducing greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions from the transport sector and diversifyingenergy sources. Developing countries see biofuels as a wayto stimulate rural development, create jobs, and saveforeign exchange. Both groups view biofuels as a means ofincreasing energy security. These concerns, taken togetherand highlighted by recent surges in the world oil price,have prompted a wide range of countries to consider biofuelsprograms. Canada, Colombia, the European Union (EU), India,Thailand, and the United States have adopted new targets,some mandatory, for increasing the contribution of biofuelsto their transport fuel supplies. In Brazil, after a periodof a decline in ethanol consumption, flex-fuelvehicles-capable of running on varying percentages ofethanol-are revitalizing the ethanol market.