Ecosystems : Burden or Bounty?

Damania, Richard ; Scandizzo, Pasquale Lucio ; Glauber, A.J

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION;    AGRICULTURAL FRONTIER;    AGRICULTURAL LAND;    AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION;    AGRICULTURE;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-6890
RP-ID  :  WPS6890

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper presents a somewhat novelapproach to explore the economic contribution of ecosystems.It develops linked models to capture connections betweenresource stocks and flows and the resulting microeconomicand macroeconomic impacts. A bioeconomic model is developedthat is imbedded into a computable general equilibrium (CGE)model. Incorporating imperfect regulation, the bioeconomicmodel characterizes optimal policies, while the CGE modelexplores the economy-wide consequences of possible changesto the ecosystem. The model is parameterized and calibratedto the case of the Serengeti ecosystem which is perhaps themost intensively researched biome with a relative abundanceof data. This ecosystem is also undergoing rapid change froma host of factors related to developments within and aroundthe protected area system. The analysis identifies thecontribution of the ecosystem to the economy and finds thatchanges in tourism and bushmeat hunting have surprisinglydiffuse economy-wide impacts, that are especially large inthe rural sector. To guard against overstatement, ecosystemimpacts are under-stated relative to other effects. Theresults suggest that linkages to the natural resource sector(backward and forward multipliers) are important andneglecting these may lead to biased estimates.